Research On Emergency Evacuation Simulation Of Pedestrian Traffic In Urban Rail Transit Station

With rapid growth of China’s MTR (Mass Transit Rail) traffic, MTR has entered a new stage of comprehensive development. However, the terrorist attacks, equipment failures, natural disasters and other emergencies will easily disrupt normal transport order; affect the actual transportation production process. As a major gathering places of the crowd, Station has a high level of crowding, causing the greater accident casualties and loss. Therefore, to maintain the sustained, stable and secure operations of MTR, in view of the characteristics of unexpected situations to study MTR station passenger emergency evacuation can provide the basis for the layout and design and organization management of station. Starting from the related issues and field survey data, Thesis analyzes the pedestrian psychological decision-making process and behavioral characteristics under unexpected situation, using improved social force model to build passenger evacuation model, thus develops simulation system based on pedestrian individuals behavior, and simulates the crowd evacuation process on unexpected situations. Main results include:(1) A detailed state-of-the-art of study on pedestrian traffic at home and abroad are reviewed and pedestrian traffic research methods, trends and problems are summarized, finally paper contents and technical route are proposed.(2) Firstly unexpected situations on MTR are defined, the characteristics and type of emergency situation are summarized, then various factors influencing pedestrian traffic behavior in unexpected situations on the view of environmental, pedestrian physiological and evacuation psychological aspects are analyzed, the macroscopic behavior of the cluster of pedestrian traffic and micro individual behavior are further studied, and then the relationship between pedestrian behavior and MTR station facilities and layout are discussed.(3) On the analysis of the existing pedestrian traffic movement models, the several advantages and disadvantages and applicability of microscopic models are compared, and ultimately the social force model is selected for the modeling basis. The paper states the basic principle and existence of classical social force model, and optimizes its algorithm to be in line with pedestrian behavior characteristics on unexpected situations.(4) MTR station passenger evacuation simulation model is built, pedestrians and facilities are abstract for simulation process, pedestrian model and station simulation environment are constructed, then the process of moving path of pedestrian traffic, obstacle detour and lane change behavior are analyzed to establish the evacuation behavior simulation model.(5) Using object-oriented language of visual C#for development tools and based on the pedestrian traffic evacuation behavior simulation model, MTR station passenger evacuation simulation system is built up, several major functional modules of passenger information input, environment and facilities construction, simulation process control are developed, and finally user login interface and simulation main interface are designed.(6) Several simple simulation scenarios are constructed to verify accuracy and feasibility of the model, using simulation system to simulate typical behavior of pedestrian traffic. Passenger evacuation simulation for Chengdu Metro Tongzilin station on unexpected situations is carried out, combined with the simulation results analysis.