Study On Spatial Agglomeration Of Rural Settlements In Poor Mountainous Areas In Southeast Chongqing

Rural settlement is the core research object of land science and urban and rural planning.As the basic driving force of the evolution of economic and social spatial pattern,spatial agglomeration can improve productivity and competitiveness,promote innovation and accelerate growth.What are the characteristics of spatial agglomeration of rural settlements in poor mountainous areas?What are the influencing factors?How to optimize agglomeration?Industrialization and new-type urbanization promote rural population to gather in cities and towns.Rural revitalization will accelerate the spatial agglomeration of rural settlements themselves.At present,the poor mountainous area mostly gathers the rural settlement space from the traffic road,easily breaks away from the agricultural production system.In order to guide the current village planning and construction practice,it is necessary to study theoretically how to cluster the rural settlements in the extremely dispersed poor mountainous areas.Based on this,this study choose state-level counties in Southeast Chongqing-the typical karst landform areas and minority communities:Pengshui Miao,Tujia Autonomous County in Chongqing(hereinafter referred to as the"Pengshui County")as the study area,the county as the main dimensions,the domain with the village for the study of the auxiliary measure to control study,with land use status quo,figure of the basic research unit from the rural settlement spatial agglomeration characteristics and the influencing factors of spatial agglomeration and how to optimize three aspects are studied.The main research conclusions are as follows:1.Study on spatial agglomeration characteristics of rural settlements in poor mountainous areasThe patch area of rural residential area in poor mountainous area is small.The higher the altitude,the farther from the county,the smaller the patch area of rural settlements.The patch area of rural settlements in Pengshui County is less than 1000 m~2 in 59.34%of the area and 44.75%of the area.Each villager group has about one rural settlement patch with about 10 households.Rule of patch pattern of rural settlements in poor mountainous area.The fractal dimension of77.03%of rural settlements in Pengshui County was less than 1.1.The higher the altitude,the smaller the patch and the simpler the shape of rural settlements.The spatial agglomeration degree of rural settlements in poor mountainous areas is low.The higher the altitude,the farther from the county,the lower the degree of agglomeration.The geographical concentration of rural settlements is small,and the higher the altitude,the smaller the geographical concentration and the more dispersed the space.The spatial distribution of rural settlements is consistent with the topography.2.Research on influencing factors of spatial agglomeration of rural settlements in poor mountainous areasNatural environmental factors have a strong effect on the spatial agglomeration of rural settlements.The number of rural settlements in Pengshui County is 52.69%and the area is 52.75%.In terms of quantity,43.17%and area,46.65%of rural settlements are clustered in a slope of6~15°.There is no significant difference in slope direction agglomeration.In terms of quantity and area,48.77%and 49.56%of the rural settlements in Pengshui County are clustered in the region1000 m away from the water source,but about 30%of the rural settlements are still distributed in the region 2000 m away from the water source.In quantity and area,99.48%and 99.55%of the rural settlements in Pengshui County are clustered in the area 100 m away from the cultivated land.The effect of economic and social factors on the spatial agglomeration of rural settlements is weak.In terms of quantity and area,49.99%and 52.25%of the rural settlements in Pengshui County are in the area 1000 m away from the road,but about 25%of the rural settlements are still in the area2000 m away from the road.In the region 4000 m away from the town,about 50%of the rural settlements in Pengshui County are still distributed,and the role of towns in the spatial agglomeration of rural settlements is weak.Different factors have different effects on the spatial agglomeration of rural settlements.Topography(elevation,slope),road,water source and cultivated land have strong spatial agglomeration effect on rural settlements.The spatial agglomeration effect of town and slope direction on rural residential area is weak.From strong to weak,the spatial agglomeration effect was successively cultivated land,altitude,road(water source),slope,field town and slope direction,among which cultivated land had the strongest spatial agglomeration effect.There is significant spatial correlation between rural residential area and cultivated land at county,township(town)and village.In different bandwidths(200 m,500 m,1000 m,1500 m,2000m),the area of rural settlements and cultivated land patch presents significant global spatial auto-correlation.With the increase of distance bandwidth,the positive auto-correlation of rural settlements decreased gradually,while the spatial auto-correlation of cultivated land patch area changed from negative to positive and gradually increased.Rural settlements are accompanied by cultivated land.3.Spatial agglomeration and optimization of rural settlements in poor mountainous areasThe quality of cultivated land in poor mountainous areas showed significant spatial agglomeration.Although the spatial variation of cultivated land quality is sensitive to scale,the agglomeration of cultivated land quality increases with the increase of spatial scale,that is,the larger the scale is,the stronger the spatial auto-correlation is,and the smaller the spatial variation of cultivated land quality is.The spatial distribution of the weighted kernel density of the rural settlements and the cultivated land at the village scale is highly consistent.The planning case also shows that the rural settlements cluster coincides with the cultivated land cluster.To sum up,cultivated land directly affects the spatial agglomeration of rural settlements in poor mountainous areas,and the spatial agglomeration of cultivated land under the guidance of geology and morphological lays a stable reference basis for the optimization of spatial agglomeration of rural settlements.Impoverished mountainous area rural settlements of the Southeast Chongqing agglomeration optimization logic framework:based on the fundamental of geological features,based on status quo of arable land for the implementation of rural settlement offer optimum location,to improve the infrastructure and public service facilities,guide the adjustment and optimization of regional land use,realize the harmonious development of regional nature,economy and society.The spatial agglomeration of rural settlements can directly improve the living environment of poor mountainous areas and improve the service efficiency of infrastructure and public service facilities.The spatial agglomeration of poor rural settlements will also promote the adjustment of other suitable cultivated land near the agglomeration of rural settlements to cultivated land,and the use of land consolidation projects will increase the quantity and quality of cultivated land and improve the scale efficiency of agriculture.Spatial agglomeration will also make the scattered patches of rural settlements be adjusted to forest land and reduce the artificial disturbance to the ecosystem with forest land as the main body.Spatial agglomeration of rural settlements can comprehensively improve the economic,social and ecological benefits of poor mountainous areas.