Erosion Mechanism Of Pantograph Arc And The Influence Of Environmental Variables On Erosion

The current of high-speed train comes from pantograph-catenary system.However,the pantograph may be separated by catenary due to hard point of the catenary or the vibration of the train body,which can cause arcing.The pantograph arc can causes ablation of the pantograph and the catenary.If the ablation is too heavy to break the pantograph or catenary,it will cause accidents.In this paper,the ablation of the catenary and pantograph under the action of the pantograph arc is studied,and the ablation principle of the pantograph and catenary under the action of the arc is discussed,and the loss caused by the electrochemical effect of the pantograph is studied.Finally,the influence of ablation of the pantograph and catenary caused by different environmental conditions is studied.Spectroscopy method are used to extract parameters of arc such as temperature and electronic density for contact measurement method is inconvenient.Because the catenary usually uses copper alloy wire,and pantograph contains copper atom,the characteristic spectrum caused by copper atom in the spectrum of the experiment pantograph is used to solve temperature of pantograph arc through multi-line slope method;then the Stark broadening method is used to find the electron density of the pantograph arc.In order to study the temperature of the pantograph arc and the thermal effects of pantograph and catenary,the vibration parameters of catenary is added in the MHD model which is used to establish the simulation model of the pantograph arc.Based on the model,the distribution of temperature field of pantograph arc is simulated,and the relationship between temperature and current,temperature and spacing is obtained.For studying the ablation mechanism of pantograph and catenary,the wear state of pantograph and catenary after arc ablation is calculated according to the morphology of catenary and pantograph after ablation,and the shape of the ablation of pantograph arc caused by the ablation of pantograph and catenary is simulated.Furthermore,the molten pool effect and splash effect of the pantograph arc on the pantograph and catenary ablation are further discussed.Secondly,mass loss of pantograph and catenary is quantitatively discussed for studying the ablation of pantograph and catenary.Then,the temperature distribution of the catenary and pantograph under the action of the pantograph arc and the ablation of the molten pool were simulated separately,as well as the temperature distribution of the arc contact area on the surface of the pantograph and catenary under different spacing.In the erosion of carbon slides,the sublimation of carbon atoms is the main reasonThe carbon pantograph contains both carbon material and metal particles,so the electrochemical effect which is similar to a carbon-based capacitor occurs under the action of a pantograph arc due to the particularity of the carbon pantograph material.This article discusses the electrochemical effect of the carbon sliding plate and the corrosion caused by it.In this paper,the elemental analysis of the surface material of ablated carbon pantograph was carried out by scanning electron microscopy,and it is found that the ablated carbon pantograph surface contains CuO and CN₂,which indicate that Cu atom is redoxed with O₂ in the air under the action of the arc,and element C and N₂ also occurs chemical reaction.The resulting compound flakes off easily under the friction,which is also one reason for the mass loss of the carbon slide.There are metal atoms in the material of the carbon pantograph plate,so that a capacitive effect similar to a carbon-based capacitor is formed.In this paper,the electric field generated by the free electron flow between metal atoms and carbon materials is simulated.The effect of the different Cu atom spacing on the electric field,the effect of the different Cu atom and carbon material spacing on the electric field,and the number of different Cu atoms in the electric field is simulated.Impact,Because the impact of different environmental conditions on the ablation of the pantograph and catenary is mainly manifested by the influence of environmental variables on the arc of the catenary,this article discusses the ice coating,smog and cross wind on the catenary respectively.The effect of different offline speeds and different offline distances on the arc of the pantograph.And simulated the shape and temperature distribution of the pantograph arc under different environmental variables,and based on this,the influence of different environmental variables on the arc of the pantograph is obtained.