| This paper researches forest management in Yichun Forest Region.Firstly,the author analyzes the changes of resources from the early 1950s to 2012,and summarizes the characteristics of the existing forest resources.Secondly,the evaluation index system of forest sustainable management in Yichun forest region is put forward and the calculation method of evaluation indicator is determined.Finally,according to the evaluation indicator system,the author evaluates the situation of forest sustainable management by using the evaluation method of AHP and weighted comprehensive,and the paper analyzes the restrictive factors of forest sustainable management in Yichun forest region.According to the analysis,the forest land increased,and the total forest area,the accumulated volume,the overriped forest,the unit area accumulated volume and the productivity of the forest land all decreased from the early 1950s to the 2012 period.At present,the forest has large forest land area,rich reserve resources,and the forest area and accumulation are increasing,yet the recoverable resources are exhausted,the structure of the age group maladjusted,and the canopy density low.Through the research and study on the evaluation index system of forest sustainable management at home and abroad,the paper summarizes the evaluation criteria and indicators of forest sustainable management in various countries.According to the indicator standard of forest sustainable management in the northeast forest region of China,and combining with the actual situation of the forest management in Yichun forest region,this paper establishes a complete evaluation indicator system.The system aims at achieving sustainable management in Yichun forest area.It is composed of four layers:the overall layer,the system layer,the criterion layer and the indicator layer,which includes three system layers,eleven criterion layers,and thirty-six indicators in tatal.This paper evaluates the sustainable management of Yichun forest region comprehensively from three aspects,which are ecological sustainability,economic sustainability and social sustainability.This study determined the investigation factors and calculation methods required for all thirty-six evaluation indicators,and selected reference value of the evaluation indicator,each index was applied to the dimensionless method with index method.Finally,the evaluation value of each evaluation index was obtained.Using AHP method and entropy method to determine the weights of evaluation indexes,it is concluded that the AHP is the most suitable method to evaluate for forest sustainable management.The weighted averages method was applied to evaluate the forest sustainable management comprehensively in Yichun forest region.The comprehensive evaluation index of forest sustainable management in Yichun forest area was 0.838,indicating that the sustainable development of forest resources is in a sustainable development state.However,according to the analysis of the sustainable development status of the three subsystems,the social sustainability index is up to 0.864,the ecological sustainability index 0.855,the economic sustainability index 0.801,which is slightly lower than the other two subsystems,and all are in the sustainable development state.In the process of evaluation,the author found that the key factors affecting the forest sustainable management in Yichun forest region included several facters as follow:low forest biodiversity index,simple tree species composition,unreasonable age structure,less overriped forest,low forest quality,relatively low unit area growth,larger area of low quality and low efficiency forest,unreasonable industrial structure,and so on.The specific performances in the proportion of mixed forest in artificial forest,the utilization rate of forest land,the forest land increment of unit area,the structure of age class,the availability rate of soil,the income of tourism,the proportion of three industries,the enrolment ratio in senior middle school are low.The grey system prediction model is applied to the dynamic analysis of the forest resources and economic development in the Yichun forest region,and the obtained prediction model can be used for long-term prediction.By forecasting the forest resources and economic development after 2016,the paper draws a conclusion that per capita GDP,gross domestic product and fixed assets investment will decrease in the future,and the development of forest resources will show a good development trend.According to the problems faced in the sustainable management of Yichun forest region,the concrete improvement measures are put forward from the aspects of ecology,economy and society.The improvement measures of ecological sustainable development include establishing the concept of scientific management of forests,the fine forest tending,training professional skills of forest workers,developing digital forestry actively,and promoting the reform of state-owned forest rights system.The improvement measures of economic sustainable development include improving the industrial chain of forest tourism,developing the underforest economy to intensive,large-scale and industrial,product diversification,fine processing and increasing investment and financing.The improvement measures of the social sustainable development include developing talent introduction and training,strengthening the construction of educational infrastructure,improving social security system,and promoting high quality employment.The results of evaluation are consistent with the actual situation of the forest management process in Yichun forest area,which indicates that the evaluation index system of forest sustainable management is scientific and reasonable.Using this evaluation index system,we can monitore and evaluate the forest sustainable management,and find out the existing problems in the process of forest sustainable management.Thus,it provides theoretical reference for the formulation of strategic objectives,the planning of management decisions and the implementation of forest management measures in Yichun forest area. |
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