| The current study was conducted to evaluate the intestinal flora diversity of 3-6-month-old Yili horse,and effect of supplemental feeding probiotics on intestinal flora diversity,community structure,fiber digestion,5-hydroxytryptamine plasma,melatonin,immune cytokines levels,and to provide a theoretical basis for the growth,intestinal health of young horse and intelligent use microbial preparation.Study on intestinal flora diversity of 3-6-month-old Yili horse.Five 3-month-old Yili horses with the average body weight(89.75±8.81)kg conducted a 90-day feeding trial.The feces samples were collected on 0 d,30 d,60 d,90 d of the experiment periods,respectively.The microbial genomic total NDA was extracted from each feces sample.Microbiota diversity of feces was evaluated using Illumina Hiseq sequencing technology.The result showed as follows: 1)The total of effective sequences 157665 and the average of OTUs 1117 were acquired.2)The alpha diversity indexes(ACE value,Chao1 value and Shannon value)of feces microbiota tended to rise with age increasing(P>0.05).3)At the phylum level,Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,Tenericutes were significantly increased with age increasing(P<0.01 or P<0.05),Bacteroidetes and Spirochaetes were significantly reduced with age increasing(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Effect of supplemental feeding probiotics on intestinal flora diversity of 3-6-month-old Yili horse.Twenty 3-month-old(date of birth±5d)Yili horses with the average body weight(90.23±11.02)kg were divided into 4 groups,each group of 5,control group,and trial groups ?,?,?,respectively.The control group were fed basal diet of 0.6% bodyweight,while those in trial groups?,? and ? were fed the basal diet supplemented with Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum 0.025 g/d+0.033 g/d,0.050 g/d+0.066 g/d and 0.075 g/d+0.133 g/d,respectively.The feces and blood samples were collected on 0 d,30 d,60 d,90 d of the experiment periods,respectively.The result showed as follows: 1)Supplemental feeding Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum could increased the effective sequences and OTUs.2)Supplemental feeding Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum could increased microbiota diversity of intestinal.The diversity indexes of ACE,Chao1,Shanon of tiral groups ?and ? hgher or significant higher than that of control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).3)The main of dominant bacterial community were Firmicutes,Verrucomicrobia,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Tenericutes,Actinobacteria of 3-6-month-old Yili horse.Abundance of Firmicutes of trial groups ?,?higher than that of control group(P<0.05)at day 30.Abundance of Tenericutes of tiral group ?higher than that of control group(P<0.05)at day 90.Effect of supplemental feeding probiotics on fiber digestion,plasma 5-hydroxytryptamine,melatonin and cytokines levels of 3-6 months old Yili horse.Twenty 3-month-old(date of birth±5d)Yili horses with the average body weight(90.23±11.02)kg were divided into 4 groups,each group of 5,control group and trial groups ?,?,?,respectively.The control group were fed basal diet of 0.6% bodyweight,while those in trial groups?,? and ? were fed the basal diet supplemented with Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum 0.025 g/d+0.033 g/d,0.050 g/d+0.066 g/d and 0.075 g/d+0.133 g/d,respectively.The feces samples were collected on 0 d,30 d,60 d,90 d of the experiment periods,respectively.The result showed as follows: 1)Supplemented with Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum could promote concentrations increased of fiber degradation with age increasing.Feces ADF of trial group?was significant lower than that of control group(P<0.01).Hemicellulose of trial group?was lower than that of control group(P<0.05).Acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid of trial group?were significant higher than that of control group(P<0.01).2)Supplemented with Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum could promote concentrations increased of plasma 5-HT and MELT with age increasing.5-HT of trial group?was significant higher than that of control group(P<0.01),trial group?and?were higher than that of control group(P<0.05),and were increased by10.27% and 7.04%,7.81%.MELT of trial group?was significant higher than that of control group(P<0.01),trial group?and?were higher than that of control group(P<0.05)and were increased by 26.94% and 16.98%,25.88%.3)Supplemented with Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum could promote concentrations increased of plasma IL-6,IL-1?,FN-?,TNF-? with age increasing.TNF-? of trial groups were significant higher than that of control group(P<0.01),and were increased by 15.17%,18.21% and 16.97%,respectively.It is concluded that the flora diversity increased with age increasing of 3-6-month-old horse,Supplemental feeding probiotics could significant increase intestinal microbiota diversity.The relative abundance of Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Proteobacteria,Verrucomicrobia were the highest of the 3-6-month-old horses.Supplemental feeding Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum could increased microbiota diversity of intestinal of 3-6-month-old horses the relative abundance of Firmicutes,Verrucomicrobia,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Tenericutes,Actinobacteria were the highest of the 3-6-month-old horses.Supplementation of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum could promote the fiber degradation and concentrations of plasma TNF-? of the 3-6-month-old horses. |
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