Experimental Study On The Mechanism Of Buckwheat Kernel Shelling And The Performance Of Sheller Based On Low Loss And High Efficiency

Buckwheat is rich nutritional,high value of disease prevention and health care.Developing buckwheat processing industry has positive significance for improving the dietary structure of residents and increasing the income level of farmers in planting areas.However,the average productivity of the whole set of buckwheat rice processing machines is only 120 kg/h for a single sheller at present,while it covers an area of nearly 20 m2 and consumes 50-70 kW h/t of electricity per ton of buckwheat rice.which seriously restrict the healthy development of buckwheat processing industry.Therefore,the regularity of husking and damage characteristics of buckwheat grain need to be studied in depth.Seeking a best method of shelling pattern is a good promotion effect for improving the quality of buckwheat rice and the processing of buckwheat processing machines and reducing electricity consumption per ton of rice,etc.In order to realize the low-loss and high-efficiency shelling of buckwheat kernels,the theoretical analysis and experimental research on the 6QB-150 buckwheat sheller.The main research contents and results are as follows:The basic physical characteristics of buckwheat kernels,three-dimensional structure size,1000-grain weight and bulk density of buckwheat kernels were tested.The mechanical properties of buckwheat kernels and buckwheat were studied by TMS-Pro food physical property analyzer.The development of its shelling machine provides a theoretical basis.According to the structural characteristics of buckwheat kernels,improve the sanding and rubbing buckwheat grain shelling equipment to reduce the test error.The Maxwell model[M]rheological analysis of the shelling process was carried out to determine the influence mechanism of the shelling parameters on the shelling of buckwheat kernels.To verify the applicability of the model,high-speed photography was used to carry out the buckwheat in the shelling process.The analysis of motion and mechanics shows that the crack hypothesis is the most suitable for the three classic material breaking hypotheses.Investigate the influence of sand disc rotation speed,sand disc inclination degree,feed quantity,sand disc structure parameters and outer ring on buckwheat shelling rice yield and relative broken rice rate during buckwheat peeling process,and the test results show that:?The increase of the rotation speed of the sand disc will lead to the increase of the rice yield and the broken rice rate.When the speed reaches 950r/min,the broken rice increases significantly,which is not conducive to the production and processing of buckwheat rice;?The circumferential non-uniformity of shelling clearance caused by sand disc in production or installation has little effect on rice yield but relatively large effect on broken rice.? At low speed,the maximum work-flow of the sheller will increase rapidly with the rotational speed,but near the normal working speed,the change of rotational speed will not cause a great change in work-flow.?Rough surface of grinding plate is easier to shell,but it is easy to produce broken rice.The influence of lower sand disc is slightly greater than that of upper sand disc.?The outer shell of the shelling machine can reduce its influence on the broken rice by replacing the elastic material.The four processes of feeding,rolling,extrusion and outflow of buckwheat grains in the husking machine were simulated by DEM,and the variation rules of grain movement track and force during the husking process were obtained.Based on the observation of buckwheat breakage after husking,the breakage process of buckwheat was discussed according to the breakage characteristics of mechanical properties test.It was confirmed again that the crack hypothesis was closer to revealing the breakage of buckwheat.On the basis of theoretical analysis of circumferential distribution of shell clearance,the method of changing clearance adjustment is put forward to improve the fluctuation of circumferential clearance and eliminate the non-uniformity of clearance caused partly by manufacturing and installation.By sticking elastic rubber material on the inner side of the outer ring of the sheller,the broken rice caused by side wall impact is relatively reduced and the rice yield effect is improved.The double-layer shelling structure is designed,and the number of working grinding plates is increased without changing the size of the original sheller,so that the work-flow is greatly increased.Orthogonal experiments were carried out on the improved sheller.The results show that:?The influence of shell clearance on rice yield is more significant than that of sand disc speed,and the influence of clearance circumferential error within(+0.4mm)on rice yield is not significant;The influence of the rotational speed of sand disc on the relative broken rice rate is greater than that of the shell clearance,and the circumferential error of the clearance has a significant influence on the relative broken rice rate.?The optimum combination of parameters after synthesis is A1B2C1.At this time,the clearance of shelling is 4.8 mm,the speed of sand disc is 950 r/min,the clearance error is zero,the rice yield is 35.4%,the relative broken rice rate is 5.8%,and the rice yield is 10%?25%,higher than the current production level.