Research About Trading Firms' Distribution And Changes Of Sichuan During The Republic Of China

With the development of commodity economy,new business also began to rise in the Republic of China.The new businesses were mainly in the following categories,the first was foreign firms,this is China's first appearance in the commercial nature of capitalism and the foreign firms' early activities were mainly in the commercial aspects,acting as an intermediary foreign trade.the second was comprador businessmen,comprador acted as a foreign agent,with the appearance of comprador business,marking the rise of China's national capitalism business,the third one was transformation of the old commercial,Some old commercial commodity economy was under the impact of capitalism,the capitalist mode of operation also used commercially and converted it to modern capitalist business.The rising of new business promoted the economic development of Chinese goods on the whole.But they also had close ties with the foreign invading forces of capitalism,particularly in selling more goods and services to foreign capitalism on business content.The private business gradual developed in Sichuan Province in the Republic of China,especially there was a great development during the Anti-Japanese War,the business continued to expand and the capital accumulation was in rapid growth,some of whom had developed for "Millionaire." All types of firms were also rising and the evolution of the spatial distribution of the firm emerged as a new trend.In the late Qing Dynasty,financial institutions around the Sichuan were mainly old firms such as ticket number,money shop and the pawns.Early in the Republic of China,the banking house in Chongqing grown to more than 50,during 1915-1934,China Banks,Transportation Banks,Zibian Banks,Jincheng Banks,Jianghai Banks and other large domestic banks had to set up offices in Sichuan.When the Anti-Japanese War broke out,the Nationalist government moved the capital to Chongqing,factories,businesses,financial institutions in the major coastal cities had to move inland,a lot of money was also brought into Sichuan.At the end of the war,Sichuan provinces,there were various types of financial institutions about 1163(including headquarters 380),which was about a quarter of the total number of full financial institutions in China at that time,Forming the financial networks in Sichuan and Xikang,and Chongqing as the center.Mountain products were important products of Sichuan Province and the annual export volume was significantly.Before the Republic of China,there was no mountain products helps in the local Sichuan,the mountain products of merchandise were all within the range of herbs to trade.On this basis.a variety of trade names emerged and formed a mutual tolerance,but have their own characteristics of different business groupsThe food and beverage firms covered a wide range in Sichuan.Hunger breeds discontentment,Sichuan was landlocked and inaccessible,the grain market in recent times remained a closed,regional type of tradition,in addition to outside tung oil exporters,grain traders,mostly were small merchants Between the late Qing Dynasty and the Anti-Japanese War.Sichuan sugar industry was flourish in Sichuan,sugar was sold not only to domestic in Sichuan,also sold to neighboring provinces.During the Republic of China,after the payment of government taxation,merchants got rid of restrictions and free operation for tea,some tea-producing areas had expanded sales markets outside the provinceAfter the official Opening to the world of Chongqing,textile import and export trade had made significant progress,a large number of foreign yarn was input,up to 1930,cotton in Sichuan was up to 57 million quintals(including domestic machine yarn),silk exports surged to 3 million quintals in 1926,representing 21.79%of the province's gross output of goods at the time,grass cloth had become one of the main export commodities.With the development of the textile industry,silk manufacturers,cotton and grass cloth firms increased actively in Sichuan,and there was in a certain region of the formation of different industrial development,silk industry in Chengdu,Leshan,Santai,Nanchong and other places;cotton industry in Chongqing and its surrounding cities;grass cloth industry in Longchang,Neijiang,Rongchang and other places,the spatial distribution of different industries.making the distribution pattern of firms in these industries in their different fields,reflecting the different regional characteristicsChanges in the number of the firms,the evolution of the business place of origin and changes on the scale of capital had their own characteristics,in its relations with the regional economy and changes in societies,all these mainly reflected in the firms and transportation,trade names and resource development,trade names and commercial center of the city,firms with the guild systems and demographic interaction and other aspects.