Research On Firms In Northeast China From The End Of The Qing Dynasty To The Beginning Of The Republic Of China

The firm is the main form of the traditional industrial and commercial management in Northeast China,and its existence and development has profound background and regularity.In the northeast region,with its unique management mechanism and operation mode,the firm has developed and expanded rapidly in Northeast China;meanwhile,the firms has followed the development trend of the times and completed the evolution of modernization.The firms have established their own organizations for their survival and development,such as chambers of commerce,business groups,and contributed a lot to the development of social charity in Northeast region.The firm has come into being different development characteristics comparing with inside,such as the geographical characteristics of the firm name,the majority of immigration firms,the social relations and the role of complex.The development of firm has promoted the industrial modernization of Northeast China,the development of city and commercial district,especially the inheritance and development of the traditional culture,and the cultural essence of the "Old Time" in Northeast China.This article is divided into eight parts.Introduction: Academic review and clarification of basic concepts,especially the re-verification of the concept of the firm.The first chapter: The rise and development of the firm in Northeast China has profound background factors,such as the invasion of foreign powers,the government's policy of commercial opening and immigration,the impact of industrial thought.The firm in Northeast China is not only a broad geographical distribution and extensive business sector but also increasingly enlargement of development scale both the overall and individual.The second chapter: The firm in Northeast China has its own set of system of the management and operation.The management has followed the characteristics of the Chinese business with the "East partnership" and the distinctive commercial regulations is also its effective management initiatives with different characteristics.The firm in Northeast China has its own characteristics of the operation mode,such as the concurrently run industry and associated number.The third chapter: The firm in Northeast China has transformed from the traditional model to the modern system in modern times.The "East partnership" has changed into shareholding system.The development of the firm has conformed to the historical development trend,together with the change of the management system,regulatory mechanism,the operation idea and the strategy into the management mode of the western capitalist.The fourth chapter: In order to better survive and develop,the firms in Northeast China spontaneously set up some group organizations under the support of the government,such as the associations,the guilds,the chambers,the chambers of commerce,the business associations.These organizations have made great contributions to the development and progress of the firms.The fifth chapter: The firms in Northeast China is in mind with the destiny of the country and into the social development in the process of development,such as the participation in charitable cause,the promotion of domestic products,industrial salvation and other activities,with the contribution to social development.The six chapter: The specificity of the firms in Northeast China is not only reflected in names,but also in the firms of immigrant merchants and complicated social relations and roles.The industrial development of the firm has promoted the modernization of the industry;meanwhile,it also has resulted the development of a number of cities and commercial districts.The cultural connotation and charm has been added into the "Old Time" because of the traditional culture of the firm.Conclusion: The analysis of the influence of the firm in Northeast China in the history of the survival and development and the social development at that time.