| During the period of the Republic of China,Sichuan was the main producing area of opium.Tobacco fields exceeded 5 million mu and 200,000 tons of tobacco soil,which accounted for more than 40% of the country's similar population.The output was the highest and the quality was the best.Drug cultivation and sales were rampant,and tobacco soil was supplied for export.Most provinces in central and eastern China.At the same time,Sichuan is also the place where opium is the most dangerous place.Drugs are rampant,poisonous atmosphere is permeated,and smoking halls are rampant.If three people travel together,there must be addicts,and the number of addicts exceeds 3 million.From the perspective of historical geography,this article explored many issues such as the distribution of opium in Sichuan during the period of the Republic of China,area changes,production sales,and transportation routes,and discussed the huge impact of the spread of opium in Sichuan on Sichuan society.The temporal and spatial sequence of opium distribution in Sichuan during the Republic of China is the focus of this article.The spread of opium in Sichuan at the end of the Qing Dynasty mainly penetrated from the border,discussing the introduction and vicious spread of opium.The period of the Republic of China was divided into three stages according to the difference of opium planting area and output.The first stage was the distribution of opium planting points: the period of the prohibition of opium policy in the early period of the Republic of China(1912-1915);the second stage was the point of opium planting and Area: Warlord defense zone system(1916—1934),opium flooding period;the third stage is a corner of opium cultivation: the National Government(1935—1949)directly ruled and implemented the period of "two years of drug prohibition and six years of smoking ban".Summarize the temporal and spatial characteristics of opium distribution in Sichuan.Combining the macro and micro levels,the situation of opium seed and sale in Sichuan at different stages was explored,so as to fully understand the dangers of opium.During the period of the Republic of China,there was a strong demand for opium inside and outside Sichuan Province,and many water and land transportation and sales networks were formed.This article believes that the proliferation of opium in Sichuan is inseparable from the geographical conditions,huge economic interests,and political chaos in Sichuan,and has become a huge driving force for the spread of opium in Sichuan.Here,political,ethnic,and social issues are entangled,making the opium issue extraordinarily complicated.Sichuan was not only a major opium-producing province in old China,but also an important route for tobacco transit in Yunnan,Guizhou,Shaanxi,Gansu and other provinces.In the course of its trafficking,private secret organizations,such as "Pao Ge",breed and malignant expansion,carry out "organized" selling and sucking activities.It was not until the founding of New China that the opium problem in Sichuan was eradicated.Finally,we conclude that the complete eradication of opium requires national sovereignty and judicial independence;economic development and poverty eradication are fundamental;comprehensive management and resolute treatment of smoking bans are required.The study of the opium issue is actually a study of various issues in modern China from a perspective.It is helpful to conduct a multi-angle,multi-level and brand-new study of the Sichuan region,and restore the social history of the time as truly as possible,which is conducive to promoting the academic research of politics,military,society and folklore in modern Sichuan. |
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