From Absorption To Embedment:the Institutional Change Of Theatrical Troupe Since The Founding Of PRC

Theatrical troupe refers to as artistic performance organization,which is recognized as an indispensable part of the social and cultural undertakings of a Country.It performs an important role such as prosperity of socialist literature and art,heritage of the national excellent traditional culture,promotion of the core values of a society,implementation of propaganda and education,provision of entertainment services to meet people's spiritual and cultural needs.As the key and difficult point of the reform of the cultural system,the institutional reform of the theatrical troupe has attracted widespread attention since its inception.However,most of current research lay emphasis on technical discussion and mainly focus on issues arisen in the process of the reform and its countermeasures.Based on an analytical framework of the relationship between the State and society,using a multi-disciplinary perspective such as political science and sociology,this research attempts to review the history of the reform of troupe since the founding of new China and draws on case study on troupe reform at grassroots level,reveal the inherent logic and its influence mechanism of the reform of China's theatrical troupe,thus expand the current academic research.Since the founding of new China,by the "troupe reform" movement,Folk troupes and the performers have been gradually incorporated into the state-controlled rail,and the operating mechanism of "culture serves the politics" has been established to maintain the legitimacy of the new regime,which with a deep ideological imprint.But at the same time,We have also seen,modernization of the state intent still exists,which beyonds the ideology.That is to say,there are many State's goals intertwined with the troupe reform,the cultural goals(such as to develop new socialist literature and art),political goals(such as to fight for cultural leadership,consolidate political stability and increase national cultural identity),as well as the economic goals,which is to reduce fiscal pressure and promote socialist construction industrialization.Whether the cultural goals,political goals or the economic goals,are integrated in the goals of modernization of the state.It is these intertwined multiple goals,leading the practice which full of contradictions in the early days of new China's troupe reform.However,by the practice of the troupe reform,which not only embodies the state's leang role based on different goals,but also interaction with the troupe and the government;it is this existence of the interaction also has prompted the state to make policy adjustments.After the reform and opening up,the state gradually eased the social controls,and launched the reform of all areas of society under the internal and external pressures.With the transition from a planned economy to a market economy,the troupe has gone through the process,which is from the tenant management system to adjusting the layout,Two-track reform,then to internal management mechanism market-oriented reform,finally,to the enterprise-oriented classification reform,is actually the process of adjustment of the state based on different national policy goals on the relationship between the troupe,the government and the market.From a macro perspective,it has subjected to intrinsic motivation of govemment's targets and the environmental constraints embedded in the strucure of the body;From a micro perspective,it has subjected to specific and sustained interaction between the government and the troupe.Undeniable,in this interaction,the government is in a relatively strong position of the dominant position,whether mandatory or induced behavior of the government,have a greater impact on the behavior of the troupe.But at the same time,in practice the microscopic field,r.e troupes interacted between the governments through various autonomous policies.This research puts forward an analytical framework in which the author attempts to understand the inherent logic of China's theatrical uoupe reform in terms of structure environment,adjustment of State's goal and subject interaction.The research reveals that the institutional change f theatrical trc ape is embedded in the transformation of state-society relationship,which not only the consequence of adjustment of goal set by the State in different periods and the process to realize the main goal,but also the interaction prcess between the State and theatrical troupe.The institutional change of the relationship between the State and theatrical troupe is influenced by the external structure environment,the Stae's pursuit of main goal and the interaction between these two bodies.In other words,the relationship between the State and theatrical troupe and the institutional change is decided by various kinds of variables such as factors mentioned above.The real stare of the relationship is the result of interactive game between the State and theatrical troupe(?)der specific external structure environment.Therefore,the institutional change is not only the process of adjustment of the State's goal and the transformation of theatrical troepe function,but also the reconstruction of their relationships,which embodies the focus and mechanism transformation of the State's culture governance.