On The Issue Of Objectification In Heidegger's Philosophy

Heidegger's political philosophy was inherited from the thinking of the German intellectuals on scientific issues,and his political philosophy finally went to the research of objectification.The process of the development of human subjectivity includes the awareness thoughts of Protagoras which admits the passivity of human beings in the process of cognition,the Metaphysical thoughts of Plato which consider truth in the existents' mind,the thoughts of Aristotle that put human beings and the existents in a equal status and holds the idea that the expression of the essence of human and the appearance of the existents are all treated by truth,and the creation theory in the Christian thought that human stands in the positon higher than the existents and lower than God and connects human beings with production.The establishment of metaphysics,the rise of the position of human beings,and the formation of the connection of human beings and production lay a solid foundation of modern philosophy.The formation of subjectivity and the construction of the representational world include the representational activities which constructs the world raised by Descartes,the patterns of the activity of the subject in monadism raised by Leibnitz,and the philosophy of Kant that established the theoretical foundation of constructing the world.When objectification activity is established,the internal contradictions in the philosophy of objectification are formed.When Descartes puts forward the significance of representational activity.at the same time the contradiction between subject and the truth is also revealed.Kant built a complete system of the representation of the world through setting.but he still can't find the main way of being of the subject.Kant's philosophy is the origin of Heidegger's early philosophical thoughts.According to Heidegger,the problem of human in the process of the establishment of objectification is the problem of being.Kant has mentioned three kinds of selfhood—the transcendental selfhood,the psychological selfhood and the moral selfhood.However,none of the three kinds of selfhood can form a convincing subject.Heidegger raised the idea of being in his early philosophy,and believed that it is the best way of solving the problem of subject.Heidegger holds that the problem of being is the problem of subjective philosophy.The determination of transcending of human beings comes from being.Although human has no relationship with existents,when human transcends and returns to this time,the entirety of existents has effects on the existents.This problem of being is a problem of nihilism.The nihilism heidegger faced is the existence of the existent.If so,the philosophy of being is discussing questions within the scope of the existents.Nietzsche's philosophy becomes the origin of Heidegger's late philosophy.The subject revalues rationality with a strong will,and rationality objectifies the representational world in the form of valuation.Nietzsche's approach gives people a false illusion,that the problem of objectification is not a metaphysical problem of the subject.His philosophy has nothing to do with objectification.Heidegger holds the idea that,Nietzsche's philosophy as a representative of the subject philosophy has no independence.The subject established the representational world,but the presence of human and the existents is dominated by the existents there.That is to say,the representational process of objectification is in fact the process of the existents' dominance over human and the existents,and the essence of human is not inside the subject philosophy but it needs to be fulfilled outside the metaphysical world.Then the subject philosophy is in fact ontology without the independence of the subject.Because people can't find the essence of themselves within the scope of the metaphysics,people will feel nothing.Faced with this nothingness,people can listen to the clear call on the road to go back home.Heidegger calls this hometown the four-circle world.According to Heidegger,the four-circle world is formed by heaven,earth,human and god.Human lives in the four-circle world with the existents.Heidegger describes the situation of human in four-circle world as “poetic habitation”.Poetry located between heaven and earth.It shows the distribution of human and the existents in the light;therefore,poetry is the bond of the four-circle world.In Heidegger's philosophy there are two worlds,the representational world and the four-circle world.The representational world is a process of the subject being objectified in the representational world,or,the key is that the power of putting human and the existents together is the existence of the existents.When this power grows infinite,everything will be involved in the process of science,and cause the result of scientific crisis.Heidegger called this the collective set.When writing Nietzsche,Roadmap,The Way in the Forest and other works,Heidegger recreated the thoughts of Plato,Aristotle,Descartes,Kant,Hegel,Marx,Nietzsche and other ideologists in Heideggerian style.In Heidegger's eyes these scholars have become philosophers associated with ontology.In Heidegger's process of integration,the inherent significance in the own philosophy of a philosopher is mainly expressed in the form of practice,fierce colliding with Heidegger's objectification problem.The above process neither illustrates that philosophers' philosophy are practical philosophy,nor that Heidegger's philosophy is rational philosophy.Just because Heidegger measures other philosophies in a rational standard,the practical part of other philosophies naturally resist against his thought,This causes the study of the Heidegger's late philosophy develop in the direction of practical philosophy.Heidegger's philosophy is not rational philosophy;on the contrary,Heidegger's early basic ontology and late four-circle world are all practical philosophy.The former performs in the form of the process of the understanding of the being of the self,while the latter is by tracking to seek their own essence.Heidegger's philosophy is not rationalistic philosophy,on the contrary,Heidegger's early basic ontology and late four-circles world are all practical philosophy.The former shows in the form of the process of understanding the self of being,and the former shows the searching of the essence of life of the human being through chasing the existence.Even so,the positivism in Heidegger's philosophy has opened up a new direction in the development of practical philosophy.He helped us to examine the significance of self from a new angle other than metaphysics.