The Relationship Between The Mongolian Epic Hero And The Image Of Mangusi

This dissertation is a study on the relationship between hero and Mangus in Mongolian epics.The paper consists of the introduction,main body,conclusions,references,and appendices.The introduction gives a brief account of the reasons and significance of the topic selection,research methods and sources of materials,research literature and existing problems.The main body consists of four parts.The first chapter discusses the the co-occurrence of the corresponding relationship of hero and Mangus in Mongolian epics.That is an inseparable relative relationship.Without a Mangus,there is no hero.Without a hero,Mangus has no meaning.The first section shows that,from the perspective of the emergence of Mongolian epics,the hero and Mangus were modeled on the basis of the images of hero and Mangus in ancient myths and legends.They were continuously developed and enriched at different stages of epic development,as a result of which they formed different meanings.The second section discusses the names and titles of hero and Mangus in Mongolian epics.The names of the positive hero include Khan,Baatar,or Mergen,while the names of the negative character are referred to as Khan or Baatar.The third section shows that,from the series of war epic and matrimonial epic,hero and Mangus constitute the epic's basic plot mechanism by playing both positive and negative roles.They form into the basic classification of the systems of image and the basic contradictions of the plot,which promote the development of epic.In the Mongolian epic,opponents of the antagonism that never reconciled are replaced by hero and Mangus.The second chapter reveals the relations of the unity of opposites,symmetry and mutual set off between hero and Mangus through the comparison of the appearances,speeches,residences,etc.of Mongolian epic hero and Mangus.The first section conducts a contrastive study on the appearances of hero and Mangus of Mongolia's epic.The positive hero are all good-looking heroes who have bright eyes,bronze faces,strong bodies,and immense power.The character on the opposite side is usually Mangus images which have ugly faces with long heads,triangular eyes,four nostrils,and iron teeth.The more people hate Mangus,the more they love the positive hero.The Mangus' ugliness brings out the goodness of positive hero and thus has a more aesthetic negative value.From clothing,the Mangus wears the same costume as the hero.The size of the clothes worn by the Mangus is very similar to that of a hero.This shows that hero and Mangus have special origins and many similarities.But the work of clothes is different.Positive hero's clothes are very detailed and the Mangus' clothes are very rough.This reflects their respective personality characteristics.The second section reveals,through the dialogues between hero and Mangus of the Mongolian epic,that hero and Mangus are often involved in the family life,the tribes and the members of the country to discuss,arrange and preside over their lives.In the war,hero and Mangus often greet each other and communicate in a human language.At this time,the Mangus has the character of humanity and has been replaced by the human image.The third section,by comparing the depictions of hero and Mangus' residence,states that the residence of the positive hero is a beautiful,prosperous,fertile,and magical hometown.The Mangus's dwelling is dirty,ugly,in the dark lower bound or in the cave.The world of Mangus and the world of positive hero are in stark contrast.The Mangusic world is full of aesthetic negative values,which reflects the Mongolians'longing for a beautiful homeland from the opposite side.The third chapter conducts a comparative study on the war and marriage between hero and Mangus in the Mongolian epic,and concludes that the strength of hero and Mangus is equal in the whole process of combat,and tactics,wisdom,magic and so on,which are mutually symmetrical,complementary to each other.By comparing their mounts,the author shows that hero's horses and Mangus' donkeys provide loyal services to their owners,forming a pair of contradictions,setting off each other,intensifying plot conflicts,and forming an epic complete aesthetic feature.The first section shows that,from the perspective of war between hero and Mangus in the epic,it is common for Mangus to first invade and cause wars.Hero and Mangus form hostile parties and promote the development of plots.The strength of hero and Mangus is equal in the entire process of the war.Tactics,wisdom,and magic are mutually symmetrical and mutually opposite.The characteristics of the Mangus appearing in the war are to serve the characteristics of the hero.The second section conducts a comparison between the hero and the Mangus'marriage in the epic,and shows that it is usually the Mangus who steals the hero's wife and causes the war.The magic power of the hero and the Mangus in the epic is equal.They are in agreement with each other,equal in strength and wisdom,complement each other,and coexist with each other symmetrically.From the plot of Mangus participating in marriage,it can be seen that they,like the hero,also have human desires.The third section,by comparing the depictions of mounts of hero and Mangus in the Mongolian epic,reveals that hero's horse and Mangus' donkey provide loyal services to their owners.When the owners are in danger,they will try their best to rescue them from death.The description of the ugly donkey is actually to highlight the power of the horse.The horses and donkeys in the epic form a pair of contradictions set off each other,intensifying the contradictions in the plot,and constitute the aesthetic integrity.Chapter four states that heroes have male and female genders,and Mangus also have genders,through a comparison between the image systems of hero and Mangus in Mongolian epics.Both heroes and Mangus have husbands and wives,and they live in epics in the form of family groups.Their families,tribes,and countries have become two opposing systems of image,forming a corresponding pair of contradictions.The first section shows the heroes have male and female genders,and Mangus also have male and female genders.Both hero and Mangus have husbands and wives.They use the family combination to unite in the epic and form two systems of image that are mutually antagonistic.The second section shows that heroes have their own families,tribes,and nation,s through a comparison between the social nature of hero and Mangus in Mongolian epics.Mangus also have their own families,tribes,and nations.Mangus' symmetrical and mutual correspondence with positive hero forms a pair of contradictions,which promotes the development of epic plots and intensifies contradictions.Both positive and negative systems of image centered on hero and Mangus.The third section,conducts a comparison between the nature of hero and Mangus in the Mongolian epic and shows that the positive hero is both human and divine.They have both common features and unique personalities.They have both sublime and naive characters,simple and violent.The Mangus has beast nature and human nature,also with both common features and unique personalities,greedy and brutal,violent and vulnerable.Positive heroes are gradually changed from divinity and sublimity to be more human and ordinal people.The Mangus gradually changes from divinity and animals to human and social roles.Both of the roles are getting closer to real life.The conclusion puts forward the main points of the dissertation and clarifies that the hero and Mangus of Mongolian epics are in fact representative of the image of the hostile tribal leaders.At the end of the dissertation is the reference and appendices.