Researching On The Oral Narrative Of Historical Biography In Pre-Qin Period

There are two definitions of oral narrative,generalized and narrow sense.Generalized oral narrative including the narrative of oral creation and oral communication.Narrow oral narrative,mainly referring to the creation of oral narrative.The oral narrative of era of characters is divided into two types,one is always by the mouth,the other is by the mouth first and written down.The content of recorded down by scholars,there are two modes of transmission,one is written to read,the other is transmission by the mouth again.Re-mouth content spread through oral and written records in two ways.Oral narrative is both a form but also a process.The generation of oral narrative is by means of specific context.The oral narrative can be understanding and transmissing accurately only in relatively fixed and closed context to the content.At the same time,oral narrative is dynamic,both interactions between the listener and the speaker.It is also flowing because re-creation and spread is synchronous.In addition,from the point of view of content and form,the oral narrative is a mass behavior.This paper prove the existence of oral narrative of the history biography in the pre-Qin period mainly from the following aspects:Firstly,from the oral narrative point of view,a lot of literature has reflected two types,such as speaking and chanting.Speaking is historical narration about the history of the pre-Qin period has formed a system that special staff in charge of the history of the monarchy and the nobility about the history.Chanting is rhythmically speaking which has high and low mood.Second,from the point of view of oral narrative subject,there are witch,historian,blind storyteller,chanting,comedians training.They tell moral admonition of historical stories and fine word good language mainly for monarchs and princes recorded in the literature history.Comedians narration is in entertainment performances.Third,from the point of view of genre,there are “telling”,“talking”,“canon”,“counsel”,“charge”,“speech”,“instruction” and “announcement”.Ancient Chinesegenre is the product of specific words mostly.The “telling” is composed of the classics and telling,the classics is the outline of the master copy,telling is the creation of oral interpretation.The “talking” can be divided into speech recording and event recording,it recorded main characters of the dialogue to convey political and moral philosophy.The oral narrative style of Shangshu fully restore the scene with a sense of ceremony.The “instruction” is a dialogue between the monarch and his subjects,the “announcement” is warned,the “counsel” is the negotiation of the monarch and his subjects,the oath is used in before the war.Fourth,There are a lot of standardized repeated narrations in the history of the pre-Qin period.the repetition involves language and behavior.Language repetition is divided into three type such as same people at the same time,same people at the different time,different people at the different time according to the character and time.Blind historiographer telling the history used repeated narrative techniques to memory the historical events and good words.The change of character implies the change of scene and time.Behavior repetition involves language and action.Blind storyteller tells the history by means of repeating so as to recall historical events and educational sayings.Blind storyteller perceived things together in the mind imagine rely on auditory and tactile perception of the world,then the,so the narrative content is not fixed,always be changed.Usually the characters of history is an outline because of the perception of the image of the characters is not sensitive.Fifth,in the form of language,we can see that there are some special oral narrative features.For example,there are dialect vocabulary,modal words and a lot of ballads,proverbs,chanting,sayings,rhymes.All these show that the history and biography preserve the traces of the oral narrative from the oral narrative to the written record of the transition.I hope to reveal the pre-Qin oral narrative discourse system,constructed is the theoretical framework of oral narrative kernel in the pre-Qin period,analysis the form,narrative subject,genre features and language features of oral narrative narrative,dig the history from the oral to the writing process in the form of text analysis from the oral poetic theory,performance theory,narratology theory and other theories and methods of narrator,research methods and results from the oral narrative of ethnicminority epic and folk,based on the pre-Qin era of social context,besides,combine the text form and the internal mechanism of literature,jump out of sight of traditional writing,study the historical biography in pre-Qin period from the oral narrative,is to provide a way to study Chinese classical literature.