A Study On The Speech Of Zhongyuan Mandarin In Shandong Province

The Central Plains Mandarin in Shandong is located at the easternmost point of the Central Plains Mandarin District.It is adjacent to the Ji Lu Mandarin and the Jiao Liao Mandarin which is the two major dialect areas of Mandarin.Not only the dialect voice is quite distinctive,but there are also significant differences within the region.Based on the 46-points dialect data of the field survey,and supplemented by the method of phonetic experiment,this paper makes a comprehensive and in-depth description of the phonetic features of the Central Plains Mandarin in Shandong Province with reference to the Central Plains Mandarin and Shan Dong dialect.This article is divided into five chapters,the main contents are as follows:Chapter One:Introduction.The first section provides a more comprehensive introduction to the distribution and division of the Central Plains Mandarin in Shandong Province.The second section summarizes the history of the study of the phonology of the Central Plains Mandarin in Shandong,and points out three limitations in the current study.The third section focuses on the significance and methods of the study of the phonology of the Central Plains Mandarin in Shandong,as well as the sources of the materials used in the text.Regarding the source of the material,the materials used in the article are mainly from the many field surveys conducted by the author from years 2014 to years 201 7.Chapter Two:The Initials Research.The first section introduces the initials of the Central Plains Mandarin in Shandong,and analyzes the commonalities and differences of the initials in this area,and discusses the pronunciation of the initials by the difference.The second section first describes and analyzes the pronunciation of the sharp initials.It is pointed out that only 8 points still have a sharp initials,and the remaining 38 points' initials have been merged.In addition,the article also discusses the interdentalization of Tsing's values in this area.It is believed that the progress of the interdentalization of TSING's(?)values may be related to the tone value of tongue-leaf in ZHIER-ZHUANG(???).The third section introduces the initial's evolution of TSING(?)before round-lip rhymes.There are 14 points' dialects is read as t(?)y-(?)y-(?)y-,13 points' dialects is read as tsu-tshu-su-,and discussed the mechanism for forming such a pronunciation.The fourth section discusses the pronunciation of the initials of the ZHI-ZHUANG-ZHANG(???)group in the Middle Ages.Among them,there are 7 points of the two parts of ZHIER-ZHUANG(???)and ZHISAN-ZHANG(???),which can be divided into 3 types according to the difference of pronunciation,and combined with the classification of rhyme materials and Shandong dialects.The dialects of other regions read the sound and analyzed the historical level of ZHI-ZUANG-ZHANG(????).The discussion in the fifth section focuses on the problem of lip-toothing of the word-in-law.According to the actual pronunciation,the word-of-mouth is divided into three categories,combined with the pronunciation of the entire Central Plains Mandarin,from three aspects:pronunciation mechanism,literature materials and immigration factors.Starting from the beginning,it is concluded that the phenomenon of reading the lips and teeth of the East District is a result of spontaneous evolution.The sixth section introduces the pronunciation of RI initial(??).The focus of this section is mainly on the reading of ZHI group(??)of RI initial(??)and its characters.There are 21 is points read as(?)and 6 points is read as(?).The syllables are determined by the method of speech experiments to determine the speech characteristics and actual sound values of the two.The seventh section discusses the pronunciation and evolution of the initials of YING YU YI and WEI(????).Through reference to the materials of rhyme and other dialects,it is believed that the pronunciation of(?)or y is a result of the reverse development of speech.Chapter Three:The Study of Finals.The first section introduces the general situation of the vowels of the Central Plains Mandarin in Shandong,and analyzes the commonalities and differences of the vowels in this area.The first section introduces the general situation of the finals of Central Plains Mandarin in shandong province and analyzes the similarities and differences of the finals in this region.Finals pronunciation characteristics are introduced in second section,respectively discusses 7 questions:pronunciation of XIE's(??)open mouth in second class in JIAN series(??),pronunciation of GUO's(??)in first class in JIAN series(??),pronunciation of XIE(??)and ZHI's(??)round mouth in FEI series(??),pronunciation of XIE(??)and ZHI's(??)round mouth in ZHI series(??),terminal-m,part of SHEN(??)and ZHEN(??)read with ZENG GENG and TONG(????)in ShuangHeJi(???),pronunciation of rhyme in DANG and JIANG(???),through summarizing the striking development path of mandarin.It is concluded that Central Plains Mandarin in ShanDong province phonology of historical levels.In addition to the same childification form as mandarin,there are still 9 dialect points in this area.The dialect points have the residual form of ER-rhyme(????),which compares the rhyme and evolution of the childification in the whole Shandong area.It is believed that the ER-rhyme(????)has a certain relationship with the child-type,and analyzes the reasons for the decline of the rhyme phenomenon.In addition,there is still a phenomenon of accent in the childification of the Central Plains Mandarin in Shandong.Through the means of speech experiments,the phonetic nature of the accent-toothed syllabary is determined.This chapter also describes the phenomenon of Z-variable rhyme(???)in Jiao Yuan town(???)of Dong Ming which is the only dialect point in Shandong Province.According to its phonetic features and historical geographical features,it discusses the source issue of Z-variable rhyme(???)of Jiao Yuan town(???).Chapter Four:Tone Research.The first section discusses the tone and distribution characteristics of the Central Plains Mandarin in Shandong.According to the difference,the tone of the zone is divided into two types:the north type and the south type.The north type contains 37 dialect points,and its profile characteristics can be summarized as:YINPING(??)-middle dorp and rise,YANGPING(??)-high drop,SHANGSHENG(??)-high level,QUSHENG(??)-dorp and rise;the southern type contains 9 dialect points,and its shape characteristics can be Summarized as:YINPING(??)-dorp and rise,YANGPING(??)-high level,SHANGSHENG(??)-middle rise,QUSHENG(??)-High drop.In addition,there are still some cleft sound in dialects in this area.In this chapter,taking DongPing(???)as an example,combined with the method of experimental speech,the speech characteristics of the cleft sound to observe its characteristics.In addition,the article also sorted out the adjustment of the 46-point clearing initial and the sub-voiced initials.Some of QING-RU(??)and CIZHUO-RU(???)have changed,and re-delivered three sounds except the YTNPING(??)..The proportion of CIZHUO-RU(???)into the Yinping is lower than that of QING-RU(??),and the proportion of QING-RU(??)into YINPING(??)is between 84.18%and 93.75%,while the proportion of CIZHUO-RU(???)is obviously lower,which is between 35.9.%to 76.93%.The third section reports the changes of TengZhou(???)tone in the past half century.Through the praat,the pronunciation of the eight speakers is measured.It is found that there are five characteristics in TengZhou(???)single character:The coexistence of the triad and the four tune,the difference between the interpersonal pronunciation,the two or more free variants of the same speaker,the different pronunciations of the same speaker before and after,the subtle difference of the tone is the difference phonemeone of the signs.By comparing the research results of previous scholars,it is concluded that the complex status of TengZhou's(???)single-word pronunciation is the result of the combination of external diffusion and internal evolution,and summarizes the 7 factors that affect the change of TengZhou(???)tone.In addition,in this chapter,we also discuss the situation of continuous tone change and soft tone change,and summarize the three types of voice types and soft tones of the Central Plains Mandarin in Shandong.Chapter Five:the relationship between administrative geography,physical geography,immigration and language.Taking the internal differences of WeiShan(???)dialect as an example,the close relationship between administrative divisions,immigration and dialect is discussed.WeiShan(???)dialect can be roughly divided into three types:central type,north city type,and immigrant type.The difference between central type and north city type is caused by the difference of administrative divisions in history,and the integration of politics,culture,economy and transportation in the same political area.The immigration type was formed by the immigrants from the HeZe(???)in the XianFeng Period of Qing Dynasty.By comparing with the words of moving out of the local dialect and moving into the local dialect,the retention degree of the characteristics of the immigrant dialect was classified into three categories,and summarize six factors in the evolution of Heze immigrant dialects in WeiShan County(???).At the end of the text,there is also a 46-point dialect sound system and a 46-point dialect pronunciation table for reference and research.The innovations and research significance of this paper are as follows:Firstly,through field investigation,a comprehensive and comprehensive synchronic phonetic data of 46 points in the Central Plains Mandarin area in Shandong Province was obtained.Many of the points filled the blank of previous investigations and were the Central Plains in Shandong.The study of the Mandarin and the entire Central Plains Mandarin area and the study of Shan Dong dialects have laid a more solid data base.Secondly,using the methods of phonological analysis,experimental analysis and historical comparison to systematically and multi-angle analysis of the sound and rhythm of the Central Plains Mandarin in Shandong,revealing some characteristics and historical evolution of the Central Plains Mandarin in Shandong.The process deepened the study of the local sounds of the region.Third,new discoveries and analysis of some square sound phenomena that have not been disclosed in the past.For example,the "Z-variable rhyme"(???)in the southwest of Dongming and the deep reading of the Heze ShuangHe town(?????)episode are the same as those in the previous chapter,and they are the only dialect phenomenon currently seen in Shandong Province.Another example is the investigation of the internal differences of the island dialects,which were formed mainly by immigrants in a relatively recent period.It also provides a new sample for studying the relationship between dialects and geography and immigration and political changes.