A Study Of Li Guang's Yi Ology From The Perspective Of Political Culture In The Song Dynasty

The Book of Changes is the most important Confucian classic of Confucianism in Song Dynasty.It played an important role in the Confucian revival movement initiated by Confucianism in Song Dynasty.The Book of Changes provides rich theoretical resources for the Confucians mainly in the aspects of "reforming government decrees" and "creating classical meanings".Li Guang was a Confucian scholar-officials who lived in Northern and Southern Song Dynasty.During the Shaoxing period,he was officially involved in the political affairs.Because of serious conflicts with Qin Hu between the peace talks and the management of people.he was relegated to south of the Five Ridges for fifteen years.In the high-pressure political and depressed life of being demoted to Lingnan,Li Guang wrote "Detailed Interpretation of the Book of Changes" for dozens of years.His life experiences and writings have fully demonstrated the internal relationship between his thoughts and the political culture of the Song Dynasty.In the book,Li Guang used a lot of historical evidence.The compiler of Siku Quanshu regards him as the founder of "The historical school of Zhouyi".Li Guangzhi's study of historical facts,the use of historical figures and historical allusions,is entirely for the sake of serving his thoughts of governing the State.Li Guang regards Zhouyi as a political science textbook and uses it to solve practical political problems."Shi Bi Tong Jing can then learn history,history,and wings." "Confucian classics can not be proved by history.Confucian classics must be proved by history." Mutual evidence between Confucian classics and history is the inevitable result of the development of classical hermeneutics.The Tao of monarch is an important aspect of Li Guang's Yi ology thoughts.Li Guang's thought of "respecting the emperor",not only has the cultural memory of the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty,but also reflects the political reality of the Song Dynasty.Li Guangzhi's respect for the monarch is based on a profound understanding of the law of social development.He realized the importance of stability to the political order,focusing on "respecting the monarch's position" and emphasizing "coordinating with morality".In Song Dynasty,the centralization policy of overcorrection and the military disadvantage made Li Guang put forward the idea of restoring the feudal system with the help of The Book of Changes.From Shenzong Dynasty of Song Dynasty to Liguang's life in Song Dynasty,the theory of "State Affairs " became the central issue of politics in Song Dynasty.Behind it was the expansion of monarchy and the change of political ecology,which was reflected in the ideological realm was the requirement of the monarchs and ministers for "the dictatorship of QianGang".The expansion of monarchy gradually made Confucians realize that "the right to be a ruler and the state is fixed" is the fundamental of politics,and when the classical authority can not restrain the boundless imperial power,"get the ruler and do things" has become a Utopia that Confucians can not seek.Li Guang's thought of Chen-Tao in "Detailed Interpretation of the Book of Changes" is inseparable from the politics of the scholar bureaucrats in the Song Dynasty.The vigorous implementation of the imperial examination system in the early Song Dynasty and the change of the political and economic basis provided the basis for the Confucian scholar-officials to mount the political arena on a large scale.The scholar bureaucrats represented by Confucian intellectuals came up with the emphasis on enhancing the ministers' reputation and integrity.Li Guang emphasized on explaining his principled requirement for the minister's "submissiveness and principled" in his book "Reading the Book of Changes in Details".In the concrete political practice,there was a contradiction between the "state with Tao" and "state without Tao".Taking the divinatory symbols of “Shi” as an example and combining with Li Guang's political practice during the Song Dynasty,this paper probes into another aspect of scholar-bureaucrat politics in the Song Dynasty.That is,to guard against the warriors,pointing out that the death of Yue Fei and the wealth of Yang Cunzhong are the inevitable trend of both sides' character and political culture in the early Southern Song Dynasty.The discrimination between gentlemen and villains is the inherent thought of Zhouyi.The dispute between the two parties in the Song Dynasty is closely related to the entanglements between gentlemen and villains."Detailed Interpretation of the Book of Changes" is repeatedly reflected by gentlemen and villains,which is an intuitive reflection of the political culture of the Song Dynasty.In the Song Dynasty,the party struggle,first of all,was a political dispute between scholar-bureaucrats for the purpose of governing the world.In the complex environment of "confusion between different opinions" and "difficulty in distinguishing loyalty and adultery",it gradually transformed into a dispute between the so-called "gentleman party" and the so-called "villain party"."villains" is the most repudiated object among the Song Confucians who emphasize the scholar's style and virtue.Therefore,the dispute ofpolitical opinions has become a dispute about the moral integrity of settling down and making a living.Its cruelty and severity can be imagined.Li Guang not only emphasizes the gentleman and the gentleman party,but also repeatedly talks about the harmfulness and hypocrisy of the villains.He takes three attitudes of criticizing,melting and merging the villains.Therefore,his thought on the debate between the gentleman and the small people no longer falls into the contention of mood,but shows a kind of rationality and pragmatism.In the early period of his political career,Li Guang experienced the oppression of the common people by the "Wealth,abundance,enjoyment." of the Huizong Dynasty,and in the later period,he experienced the depression of the people's livelihood caused by the war.Therefore,Li Guang attached great importance to the frugal character of the ruling class and the conserving of people's livelihood and people's strength.In his book "Detailed Interpretation of the Book of Changes" and "Zhuang Jian Ji",he has a strong Confucian people-oriented thought.In Li Guang's view,popular support is the root of the legitimacy of the regime.In his book and political practice,he attacked fiercely and violently the ruling class.