The Study Of Human Nature View In Historical Materialism

The human nature of historical materialism is a philosophical theory contained in human life practice and historical development.The special significance of our re-understanding the human nature of historical materialism in modern society is: on the one hand,it clarified the revolutionary reform of the view of human nature initiated by Marx,namely the study on the historical formation and perfection of human nature in historical materialism;on the other hand,it reflects the fundamental significance and innovative value of the human nature of historical materialism.Taking the understanding of the view of human nature in “The German Ideology” as the fulcrum,Marx realized the criticism of the abstract human nature view of traditional philosophy,and formed an understanding of the reality person and their historical development,and thus highlights the theoretical nature and emancipatory interest of the human nature of historical materialismThe domestic and international academic circles have made many important ideological achievements by studying human nature of historical materialism in “The German Ideology” in recent years,which greatly broadened the research field of vision of the historical materialism's view of human nature.Therefore,on the basis of fully absorbed the related research of domestic and international academic circles,this paper puts the understanding of human nature of historical materialism in “The German Ideology” into the overall perspective of the development of Marxist philosophy,which not only creates a much broader theoretical horizon for grasping the specific nature of the living people,but also provides a solid theoretical foundation for understanding human nature of historical materialism in the new era.This paper believes that the understanding of human nature of historical materialism in “The German Ideology” is through the analysis of the realistic personal,realistic production practice and the actual social history established by Marx,and based on the interpretation of human reality,practice,history and concreteness,it further reveals the life state and living style of contemporary people in realizing life.Therefore,this paper takes “The German Ideology” and related classic texts as the evidence for research,and based on human life and its nature of activity,it takes the internal relationship between history and development of human nature as the logical clue,and the realization and emancipation of human ego value as reality demands,and finally to seize the reality person established in “The German Ideology” and its integrity and richness of the historical development of human nature thought,Based on the above assurance,this paper is divided into the following five chapters:Chapter one: the logical clue of the development of human nature of historical materialism.This paper believes that the combing of the developmental clues of human nature of historical materialism should first be traced back to the understanding of speculative idealism's viewpoint of humanity and intuitive materialism's viewpoint of humanity.In the ideology of conceptual logic dialectics,speculative idealism's viewpoint of humanity “starts from the entity,starts from the absolute and invariant abstraction",that is to understand the realization of the grasp of human nature based on the "absolute spirit".Old intuitive materialist humanity view built out the existence of “perceptual intuition” people on the basis of understanding nature,and the existence of such “perceptual intuition” people can only regard people as a kind of perceptual existence that put aside the historical process,so to speak,both the traditional view of human nature understand people by the way that lies outside the person's entity,and thus abstract.Based on this,through the combing of a series of classic texts of Marx,it shows how Marx developed from the “abstract self-consciousness” to the “concrete reality” person,how to realize the critique of “no personal rationality” of speculative idealism and “perceptual intuition” of old intuitive materialist,and finally establishes a true understanding of human nature of historical materialism.Chapter two: The revolutionary change of human nature view of historical materialism.On the basis of the critique of “the abstract way of thinking”,Marx denies and transcends the thinking paradigm and value orientation of the abstract human nature view of traditional philosophy,and beginning based on a new thinking mode of philosophy,i.e.,“practice perspective way of thinking”,and the realization of the human nature based on the "human beings itself" as the starting point and the “perceptual life activities” as the thought foundation,and highlights the fundamental difference between human nature of historical materialism and the traditional philosophy's view of human nature.In “The German Ideology”,Marx further demonstrated that the "practical viewpoint" is the basis of human nature of historical materialism.,and expounded that human nature of life and life activities are the driving force and source of human history's progress and development,and revealed the rich and historical logic of human nature.Chapter there: The human nature view reality and historical turn of historical materialism.This section takes the "historical turning" of human nature of historical materialism as the starting point,and illustrates that the study of human nature of historical materialism based on “history” as the principle of interpretation is not an accidental event beyond the evolution of philosophy history,but an inevitable result of its view of human nature in the process of historical evolution.This “historical turning” goes beyond the abstract understanding of people in traditional philosophy and realizes the transition from abstract person to real people.In “The German Ideology”,Marx established the principle of “history” interpretation based on the reality of human beings related to historical development,by starting from the real people's lives,through the analysis of the real people's lives,the person's reality as a historical existence and the relationship between man and the outside world as a realistic historical relationship.Chapter four: the “emancipatory interest” of human nature of historical materialism.This paper attempts to reveal the “human relation” hidden in the “Relationship of Objects” and to change the “independence and individuality of capital” into the concrete,active “human independence and individuality” by exposing the “Ideology” essence of “Abstract Humanity View” in “The German Ideology”,therefore,the issue of human nature of historical materialism is not a theoretical problem of abstract and speculation,but as a profound and complex social reality problems existing.This is also the social ideals in “The German Ideology”: the establishment of a “freeman association” through the communist movement,so that the “combined individual” share the joint possession of livelihood and “reverse” the “reversed” world,make the person thoroughly get rid of the “Substance dependence” and obtain the comprehensive development of “freedom personality”,achieving the human's true freedom and liberation.Chapter five: the ideological effect and contemporary significance of human nature of historical materialism.Today,in the 21 st century,faced with the development of human society characterized by globalization,pluralism and dualization,the human nature of historical materialism is also facing enormous challenges and crises,therefore,the main problem of this section to be thinking about is how should we deal with the shift of human nature of historical materialism from the one-sidedness of abstraction to the era veer of rich integrity.In addition,western economists' interpretation of the “economic man” hypothesis and the development of science and technology brings about people's concerns to their own lives or the spiritual vacancies generated by people's increasingly abundant material subsistence are all problems that need to be solved urgently.