Jiajing "Great Japanese Pirates" And Zhejiang Province Coastal Defense Construction Research

In the early Ming dynasty,Hongwu emperor reorganized the coastal armies using a model known as the weisuo system.There were 12 wei and 32 qianhusuo in Zhejiang province.It laid the foundation of Zhejiang province coastal defence system.Thereafter,Ming also set up 58 xunjiansi to inspect coastal important place and some official posts to manage the weisuo troops.Until the Jiajing 32th(1552 year),with the outbreak of Japanese pirates problem,Ming faced many new challenges and had to readjusted the original coastal defence system of Zhejiang province.Facing the shortage of weisuo troops,Ming dynasty took many measures including requisition other provinces’ troops and conscription in Zhejiang province and train local soldiers.Among these measures,requisition other provinces’ troops was the most effective means in the middle stage of war;conscription in Zhejiang province was the most effective means in the later stage of war;train local soldiers played a little effective function in the whole stage of war.Facing the command system confusion problem,Ming dynasty readjusted the official structure and perfected the official post system of Zhejiang province.From Jiajing 35th(1556 year)to Jiajing 39th(1560 year),some official posts had been abolished or merged;some official posts had been promoted or downgraded;and some new official posts had been established.Certainly,civil official posts also had been adjusted,but most of the adjustments were on the military official post system.Facing the insufficiency of city defense,many new cities have been built or renovated in Zhejiang province.There are 61 cities in Zhejiang province,and 19 cities of them were built in Jiajing "great Japanese pirates" period,the renovation of 25 cities were in Jiajing "great Japanese pirates" period.Local officials presided over the cities construction or renovation,their funding came from new taxes or fine or contributions.The cities construction or renovation protected people’s lives and property security in the Jiajing "great Japanese pirates" period.