"Human Independence" As The Premise Conditions Of Freedom

The theory of human development form is an important part of Marx's thought.Marx summed up the morphological features of human development with a grand view of history and showed the internal logic of human development and dialectical attitude towards modern society,which played an important role in understanding the relationship between modern society and human freedom.Combining with the abundant realistic materials developed in modern society,the panoramic display of Marx's theory of human development form not only expands the possibility of Marx's "presence" in modern society,but also enables us to grasp the dialectical nature of Marx's criticism of capitalism by revealing the mutual relations among them.Examining modern society from the perspective of historical materialism and dialectical materialism can not only deepen our dialectical understanding of modern society,but also enable us to make historic evaluation of modern society and the development trend of freedom in the integrity of history.Marx deeply grasped the internal logic of capitalist society and revealed the possibility of supraing the capitalist mode of production and realizing the path of communism.In the context of modern society,it is necessary to re-examine the development form of human beings,not only to understand the survival premise of modern people,but also to understand the new historical situation created by modern society,especially to understand the negative and positive significance of modern society.Only when we grasp the modern society in dialectical thinking can we truly understand the relationship between "human independence" and freedom in modern society and truly connect the freedom of Marx and modern people.Guided by this idea,The paper mainly does the following work :In the first chapter,this paper explains the basic contents of dependency relationship from five dimensions: nature,primitive community,morality,politics and time and space.This part introduces the living conditions of human beings in the pre-capitalist period in a comprehensive way through the development of the "human dependence relationship" expressed by Marx,and further clarifies the living conditionsof modern people.In this stage,human's living form is greatly influenced by nature,and all forms of human dependence can be understood as the deformation of the relationship between man and nature.In the pre-capitalist period when the productivity was underdeveloped,people could not achieve greater initiative in survival,and they could only develop their whole life in a primitive dependence.The explanation of the premise of modern people's existence is not only an important part of the analysis of "human dependence",but also a necessary prerequisite to understand the current situation of modern people's existence.In the second chapter,combined with Marx's judgment of "the independence of man based on the dependence of things",this paper analyzes how modern people are independent of "the dependence of man" by means of things.In the context of Marx,modern people get rid of the "dependence of human beings",realize the independence of traditional life and obtain a greater degree of freedom.This independent state is based on the supersession of the traditional way of living,the dependence on things as a means,and the "independence of people" as the final result.Human relations are liberated from all kinds of traditional relations and begin to establish social relations characterized by material dependence.The positive significance of this new type of social relations lies not only in its sueand abandonment of traditional social relations,but also in making people in an independent state be able to establish social relations freely.The relationship of modern society is established in this process.In the third chapter,this paper attempts to further explore the conditions for the development of free personality provided by "the independence of man based on the dependence of things".In this process,substance dependence still plays a decisive role.In the material dependence,from daily life to social production,from practical contact to spiritual principles in the material dependence has a revolutionary change.This kind of material dependence not only provides sufficient material basis for freedom,but also enables the individual to display his personality freely.On the basis of independence,man realizes his own development according to his free personality and establishes relations with the outside world freely.Reinterpretation of Marx's theory of human development form can not onlyconnect Marx with modern people freely,but also make us realize the dialectical relationship between modernity and postmodernism.By analyzing the concrete links and logical relations of Marx's theory of human development form,this paper reveals the possibility of understanding modern society from a dialectical perspective.Marx regarded human independence not only as the supration of the traditional way of life,but also as the theoretical premise of realizing freedom.The dependence of people on things is not only regarded as the actual basis of people's independence from the traditional way of life,but also regarded as the material premise of people's realization of freedom.Dialectical understanding of modern society enables us to understand the rationality of existing things and see the task and path of sublation and abandonment of history.Only in this way can Marx's historical materialism and dialectical materialism be interpreted realistically.