Research On The Spatial Construction Of Hollywood Movies Since The 21st Century

In the study of Hollywood films,the perspective of genre films is more common,because it takes market,audience,business and other factors into account,and highlights the commonness of films in the Hollywood industrial system,but the shortcomings are also obvious,such as the lack of rigorous logic in the classification of genre,the mutual penetration of the connotation of genre,the challenges of cross genre and anti genre,etc.in fact,The essence of Hollywood film is not just "the form of the type,the reality of the inside".It is not a simple commodity and art,but an arena of ideology,commercial interests,public opinion and artistic thinking.Therefore,in this dissertation,the essential direction is to grasp the spatial presentation of the film and the social significance and reasons behind it.Therefore,from the perspective of themes,the project focuses on four types of themes in Hollywood films in the21 st century: urban,ethnic,war and science fiction.These four kinds are chosen because they have strong characteristics of the times and are representative.At the same time,they have the characteristics of living alone in space,showing the attention and thinking of the film creators on the real problems.Of course,a movie often contains many theme factors.From the perspective of this study,only the dominant spatial characteristics of the theme will be analyzed.In addition to the introduction,the dissertation has five chapters.In the introduction part,the research background,the reason of the topic and the significance of the research are explained;the overall outlook of the four Hollywood theme films in the 21 st century is summarized;the current situation of Hollywood film research in the new century at home and abroad is reviewed,and the advantages and disadvantages are pointed out;at the same time,the space theories are critically examined,in order to provide a theoretical framework for this thesis.The first chapter of the thesis introduces the theoretical framework for the work,explains the reasons for the selection of the four types of the movies and expounds the logical connection between each chapter.Firstly,the theoretical framework of the thesis is clarified,which mainly uses the space theory in the interdisciplinary perspective as the research tool.In the classification of space,the thesis uses the ternary dialectics of Henry Lefebvre and EdwardSawyer for reference,and divides space into the first space(material and realistic)and the second space(spiritual)In addition to the third space(real,inclusive and open),there is also the unique shot space of film art,which mainly analyzes the screen structure of space from the perspective of film and television language.From these four aspects,the dissertation will carry out the space construction analysis of the four themes of Hollywood in the 21 st century.In addition,the first chapter explains the reasons why Hollywood films are classified and interpreted from the perspective of theme,and explains why the four themes are chosen and the structural relationship between the four chapters.The second chapter is urban space: Alienation in landscape society.This part mainly takes La La Land,Little Miss Sunshine,Three Billboards Outside Ebbing,Missouri,Manchester by the sea,Social network and so on as the research objects to explore the living conditions of different classes in urban space and the modern direction behind them.First of all,the dissertation defines the word "landscape".Through the discussion of the essence of Debo 's "landscape society" theory,it reveals that modern society has established a complete set of consumption beliefs through landscape gathering such as seeing,listening and imaging,which profoundly dominates people' s consumption concept.Then,from the three aspects of urban space,family space and network space,the content and form of the above film space presentation are discussed.Finally,it points out that the film beautifies the myth of "American Dream" through the ingenious coding of landscape,conveys the information of lack of Space justice and alienation of interpersonal relationship through the experience of the people at the bottom of the town,reflects the knowledge as productivity and reshapes social space in the post capitalist era through the competition of urban knowledge elites.The third chapter explores the ethnic space: the cry of the mainstream discourse edge.This part mainly discusses the racial,identity and cultural conflicts in American ethnic films in the21 st century with the Fences,Moonlight,Green Book and Crash as the research objects.Through the representation of white people's living space of colored people,these films reflect that due to the hegemony of white mainstream culture,the personal space of colored people is squeezed,which eventually leads to the confrontation and conflict between white people and colored people.Through the representation of the spiritual space of the people of color,the demands of the people of color are expressed.The paper holds that different from the Hollywood films with racial themes in history,these films expand the ethnic space,open the previously marginalized or even closed ethnic space,and convey the positive thoughts ofhuman beings in pursuit of peace,justice and friendly coexistence in the era of globalization,demonstrating the positive urban spirit.Chapter four discusses the war space: the declaration of power myth.This part mainly focuses on war films such as The Hurt Locker,American sniper,Hacksaw Ridge and Argo,and discusses the themes of ideology,humanity and morality,history and memory expressed in these films.After 9.11,the war on terror became the central task of the United States.The war films take on the task of transmitting American thoughts and displaying American power.Therefore,these films,on the one hand,through the shaping of the image of another hero in the battlefield space,demonstrate the power of a great power and show the status of a overlord that can not be shaken,so as to soothe the psychological trauma of the Americans caused by the9.11 incident.On the other hand,through the dual structure of foreign and local space,it highlights the advantages of the United States in all aspects,reflecting the postcolonial thinking mode of "the west is superior to the East".But these works not only show strong ideological thoughts,but also reflect such themes as memory and trauma,human nature and morality,killing and redemption.Chapter five examines science fiction space: Imagination pointing to the future.This part mainly focuses on war films such as Avatar,Arrival,The Shape of Water and Her.It mainly discusses how modern science and technology reconstruct the real world and personal space,and reveals how human beings should treat the theme of modern science and technology correctly.With the coming of the post industrial era and the high development of science and technology,human beings are constantly challenging nature,thus changing the world order.While bringing convenience to human life,it also brings many problems.Since the new century,science fiction films have explored the relationship between man and machine,man and nature,artificial intelligence through Carnival virtual space construction,and put forward the problem that man and nature,earth and alien should get along harmoniously.At the same time,it also warns people that in the post human era,human beings should rationally deal with the relationship between man and machine,and overcome hedonism and anthropocentrism Etc.From the perspective of space,through the study of Hollywood films about city,ethnicity,war and science fiction since the 21 st century,it is found that the space design of these films is unique and rich.Through the presentation of different urban landscapes,urban theme films express the spiritual crisis of modern people and the good wishes of different classes of urban people in pursuit of dreams,fairness and justice under the influence of the tide of consumption culture.Ethnic film advocates a positive idea of understanding,tolerance and harmoniouscoexistence by presenting ethnic and personal space from confrontation and hostility to mutual assistance and tolerance.Through the presentation of the images of "self" and "other" in the native and foreign countries,the war movie highlights the heroic image and hegemonic status of the Americans on the one hand,comforts the spiritual trauma of the 9.11 event,and wakes up people's reflection on human nature and war through the performance of history,memory and trauma on the other hand.Science fiction films reveal that in the current real society,human beings should deal with the relationship between science and technology and human beings,and advocate the idea of rational use of science and technology in the era of intelligence.In the 21 st century,human beings are facing more and more problems,such as wars,plagues,conflicts between different civilizations,problems brought by artificial intelligence,etc.I hope this study can bring some inspiration to solve the current social problems.Since the 21 st century,Hollywood has produced many excellent films,but due to space constraints,some other excellent films have not been included in the research,hoping to continue in the future research.