Research On Simone De Beauvoir's Feminist Marxism Theory

Feminist Marxism,an important school of foreign Marxist theory,is one of the most important Western political trends,which is related politics,economics,culture,education and other areas.Feminist Marxists integrate feminist theory into the Marxist theory of women's emancipation and formed their own school of unique theories and propositions.[1]The school keeps questioning: in the relationship between men and women,what is the status of women? Are they the existence of objectivity or subjectivity? It can be said that gender inequality has a long history,and women have always existed as “the other” in the long river of human history and civilization.Because women have been oppressed for such a long time,they have been striving for their equality and freedom rights.This is also the original intention of the women's liberation movement worldwide and the premise of building a harmonious society,because it concerns the free and comprehensive development of everyone and the liberation of all mankind.More than 200 years ago,German Ideologists,Marx and Engels,systematically analyzed and elaborated the basic issues of women's status,rights and interests and how to achieve women's liberation with their logical viewpoints of dialectical materialism and historical materialism.In the next one hundred years,Simone de Beauvoir,a French existentialist philosopher,based on Marxist analysis and discussion of women's problems,explored how women could break through the predicament of ontology,transcend the absolute “the other” status and achieve their own liberation and independence.Compared with the traditional Marxist view on women,Beauvoir enriched the analysis of the complex causes of women's oppression in Marxism,pointing out that women need to upgrade their behavior and concept from the other to the subject.In other words,she believed that women not only should leave the family to participate in social production activities,but also should form female subject consciousness.It can be said that after a hundred years,Beauvoir's Feminist theory and Marxist theory have established a spatial dialogue.Beauvoir's The Second Sex is the most famous masterpiece in her life.It was once praised as the “Bible” of Western women,and it established Beauvoir's unshakable position in the phylogeny of feminist Marxism.The book reveals the compassionate fate of “woman is the other” through a thorough observation of women's life and situation from biological,psychological,historical and literary perspectives,pointing out that women cannot get rid of the being gazed,standardized and constrained living conditions from ancient times to the present.What's more,it explicates the cultural background and historical causes of the situation of the other and feminine spirit of women.Besides,the book profoundly points out that the driving force behind it is the suppression of male chauvinism which awakens women's right consciousness to strive for their own liberation.It is the important status of The Second Sex in the history of feminist Marxist development that inspires the author's interest in the study of Beauvoir's Feminist Marxist theory.Thus,the author carries out systematic research and writing.This article is written on the basis of a large number of domestic and foreign research materials on feminist Marxism,starting from the elaboration of the emergence and development of feminist Marxism,taking The Second Sex as a breakthrough point,focusing on its internal relationship with Marxism,to study Beauvoir's Feminist Marxism theory.Specifically,the full text is divided into six parts:The introduction part briefly introduces the research background,significance,status,ideas and methods,innovation and shortcomings of the article so that readers can understand the era and theoretical background of Beauvoir's Feminist Marxism thought,as well as the basic research methods and framework of this article.The second chapter mainly discusses the historical and ideological origins of Beauvoir's Feminist Marxism theory.Influenced by historical background and cultural trend of thoughts,Beauvior's Beauvoir's Feminist Marxism thought had absorbed the essence of traditional western philosophy and modern French philosophy.It is mainly influenced by the following four philosophical theories: Hegel's dialectical thought;Sartre's existentialist theory;Heidegger's existentialist philosophy and Merleau-Ponty's body phenomenology.Chapter three focuses on the core purport of Beauvoir's Feminist Marxism theory.It elaborates the core viewpoints of Beauvoir's Feminist Marxism theory around her “other” theory and “feminine temperament”.Chaper Three can be divided into three dimensions: firstly,it states the main contents,causes and ways of getting rid of bound about her “other” theory;secondly,it compares her other thoughts with the “other” view of post-modern philosophers;thirdly,it discusses the “feminine temperament” from the perspective of male chauvinism from aspects of basic meaning,formation mechanism and moral restraint.Chapter four further interprets the mainstay of Beauvoir's Feminist Marxism theory,mainly taking The Second Sex as an example to explain her feminist view.The article then introduces her representative works “Women's Guest”,“Other's Blood” and “Celebrity Romance” so that readers can understand the subtle changes of Beauvoir's feminist view in different periods.Finally,the author compares and analyzes Beauvoir's feminist ideas with other feminist ideas in order to further elaborate Beauvoir's Feminist Marxism theory from another angle.Chapter five mainly discusses the coupling marriage between Beauvoir's feminist theory and Marxism.It elaborates her feminist theory's absorption,reference,unearthing,interpretation and deviation from Marxism from the aspects of her theory's basic combination,reasonable integration with Marxism as well as the future orientation of Beauvoir's Feminist Marxism.Chapter six is the last part of this paper.It mainly introduces the situation of Beauvoir's Feminist Marxism theory in China and the evaluation of her theory.Firstly,it states the historical origin and realistic construction of China's feminism,Secondly,it discusses the theoretical contribution of Beauvoir's Feminist Marxism theory.Finally,it narrates the limitations and dilemmas of her Feminist Marxism theory.It can be said that Beauvoir's Feminist Marxist theory not only absorbed the western traditional philosophical thoughts,but also absorbed the emancipation of women's mind in Marxist theory.Its omni-directional,multi-field,interdisciplinary and advanced feminist Marxist theory provides a solid theory for the development of the feminist movement in the future.On the basis of this theory,the Marxist schools could be supplemented and perfected and the Marxist theory can be enriched and developed.