| A rapid growth between China and Africa have been shown since 1990s.Nearly one million Chinese live in Africa during recently.Compared with the study of overseas Chinese groups,there are still few studies on the Chinese in Afica in the domestic and international academic circles and the case study base on different countries is more lacking.Base on a multi-point tracked fieldwork from the 2013 to 2016,this paper examines the Chinese short-term immigrant groups in DRC.This paper points out some of the current problems in the study of international immigration in China on non-immigrant groups Misunderstanding and put forward their own description and analysis of this group framework.This paper first describes the history of the Chinese in DRC and the status and composition of the diversity.It points out that the overall number of Chinese immigrants is not large,the total fluctuating with the degree of social stability,is a rich source of occupation and livelihood diversity of new immigrant groups.It is also important to note that there is a need to be aware that the two-way movement of immigrants between China and Africa is only an integral part of the global wave of South-South migration and that the differences between Chinese new immigrant groups and traditional Chinese and overseas Chinese are also noted.In the second chapter,through the analysis of the driving force,process and destination of the transnational movement of the Chinese immigrant group,the author points out the ability and resistance factors influencing its transnational flow.Transnational flows not only include the flow of physical space,but also to achieve the flow in the social class.The use of immigrant social networks in transnational space also brings transnational network flows of goods,cash,information,ideas,technology,capital and disease.It is pointed out that the Chinese in the DRC has the characteristics of non?settlement,continuous liquidity and uncertainty of the destination compared with the traditional overseas Chinese.The three points above suggest that we should note the difference between the South-South migration and the North-South migration theory,and explain some of the existing concepts and theoretical frameworks in the study of Western immigrants in Chinese groups in Africa.In the third chapter,after analyzing the concept of some related immigrants,this paper puts forward a Chinese concept of "Guoke" to describe and analyze the Chinese people in DRC and make a dialogue with international immigration theory.This chapter also analyzes the identity of the Chinese "Guo" groups and it's internal distinction in DRC.Chapter Four depicts the distribution of small settlements and large dispersions in the space of DRC which shows the daily life status and social adaptation in different spaces.Based on the theory of " de-territorialization" and the production of space,this paper analyzes the group's spatial structure by renaming the symbol space,copying the physical space and recreating the social space.Through the analysis of cross-regional social and world systems,it shows the diversity of internal participants in transnational cyberspace and the complexity of its operation.From the dimension of time,Chinese"Guoken groups show temporary characteristics,which focus on the future sense of urgency and the local people "live in the moment,enjoy the moment" between the concept of the formation of a tension.Chapter Five analyzes the characteristics of the adaptation strategy of the "Guoke"group in the DRC society from a more dynamic point of view,namely."Guoke strategy".The closure of the "Guoke" community has led to the imagination of the Congolese society's stigma.Through a detailed analysis of the "Chinese retail store event" in Kinshasa,this chapter points out the participants in the interactive process(including the Congolese,others Ethnic groups and the Chinese)and the problems and tensions between them.China's "Guoke" groups have adopted strategies to avoid and not integrate in their daily lives.When faced with some crises or areas that must be integrated into local social life,they choose to buy some kinds of productions which provide by those non-Guoke group of seemingly integrated into the identity does not fit.Chapter Six discusses the discussion of "guest" in the study of immigration and the study of "Hospitality" of anthropology within different cultures.Pointing out that in the presupposition of the host-guest relationship,the Congolese people regard the Chinese as a "Mundele" for their moral support obligations,rather than the "guest" presupposed by the Chinese themselves.Thus,the relationship between the Antarctic people and theChinese is expected to be a "dependency" rather than a "grant-gratitude" relationship.The change of Chinese government in the way of non-aid,making the original balance of reciprocal relations become no longer balanced.And the "Asian and African brothers" class discourse identity,but also with the rapid development of China's economy and the African economy is growing and difficult to sustain.Although China upholds a long-term reciprocal balance based on the "a gift of today and the benefit of tomorrow",the reciprocal relationship between China's "Guoke" groups and the temporary Congolesesociety with temporary characteristics It is difficult to shape.This chapter provides across-cultural comparison case for the study of hospitality.At the end of the paper,the analysis framework of "Guoke" is summarized and the applicability of this concept is discussed.It is suggested that this conceptual framework can inspiring new ideas to the understanding of South-South immigrant groups under the international immigration research. |
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