On The Cyberspace Governance Model In China From The Perspective Of Marxist View Of The Masses

The continuous innovation of network technology has given more new features to the network,transformed the network from a technology platform into a space for producing and living of people,and has brought tremendous social,economic and cultural changes and accelerated social progress.At the same time,however,the development of the network has also brought many social problems.Therefore,since China’s access to the network,the party and state leaders have attached great importance to the issue of cyberspace governance,and copied the model of social governance at that time into the governance of cyberspace.However,with the development of the times,China has set a higher goal for the governance of cyberspace,that is,to build China into a strong cyberpower country from a large network country,and to enable hundreds of millions of people to get satisfaction from the development of Internet information enterprise.The traditional model of cyberspace governance cannot meet the requirements of the new cyberspace governance objectives.How to manage the cyberspace under the new network environment and realize the interests of the people is a great project,and great projects cannot be separated from the guidance of great theories.Based on the goals and requirements of China’s cyberspace governance,the Marxist view of the masses should be chosen as the guiding ideology for cyberspace governance in China,and under the guidance of this ideology,the model for cyberspace governance in China should be reconstructed,and corresponding safeguard systems and mechanisms should be improved.Based on the above research ideas,This article begins with the following seven parts:The introduction section firstly introduces the origin of the topic and explained the significance of the topic.This topic uses the Marxist concept of the mass as a basic theory to guide the practice of cyberspace governance in China.It can not only enrich the theory of cyberspace governance,but also help solve many problems in the governance ofcyberspace in China,and promote the realization of the interest of the people.Then,this part reviews relevant research at home and abroad.By studying the results of previous generations,we can find that although the Marxist view of the masses and the governance of cyberspace are the research focus of Chinese scholars,the research results of using the Marxist view of the masses to guide the practice of cyberspace governance in China are very rare,and scholars believe that the traditional mode of cyberspace governance in China is not suitable for the development of the times;When foreign scholars are studying cyberspace governance,their focus is on the status of national sovereignty in network governance and the dispute between the multi-stakeholder model and polycentric governance model.Finally,this part introduces the methods used in the research of this thesis as well as the key points,difficulties and innovations of the research.The second part is based on the new goals and new requirements of China’s cyberspace governance,discusses the basic theories that cyberspace governance should adhere to,and the specific guiding role of the theory on cyberspace governance in China.Cyberspace governance means the governance of production and living practices in cyberspace through technical,legal and ethical means,as well as the realization of the strategic goal of building an strong cyberpower and the fundamental goal of seeking for the well-being of the broad masses of people.To achieve these new goals,we must adhere to the “people-centered” development philosophy,adhere to the strategy of building a strong cyberpower,and comprehensively use a variety of governance methods,and pay attention to unblocking and integration in the management of Internet public opinion.The above new goals and new requirements have a value orientation and the people’s nature of the practice subject,it is a concrete expression of the socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics in the new era of Xi Jinping in the practice of cyberspace governance in China.However,Xi Jinping’s socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics in the new era is an inheritance and development of the Marxist view of the masses.Therefore,to achieve these goals and requirements,we must adhere to the Marxist concept of the mass.The Marxist conception of the mass includes four main aspects: upholding the people’s dominant status,upholding the people’s social interests and the public’s enjoyment of the public power,the Party and the government must take the mass line and do the mass work well.Under the guidance of the Marxist view of the masses,China’s cyberspace governance must implement the people’s dominant status,guarantee the realization of the people’s interests,and government departments must establish a service concept and insist on using networked and blocking strategies to manage network sentiment.The third part discusses the proposal,origin,structure,operational characteristics and effectiveness of the traditional model of cyberspace governance in China.Since China’s access to the Internet in 1994,government departments have copied the social governance model of the time into cyberspace governance,and this has led to the formation of a government-led traditional model of multi-headed management cyberspace governance.This traditional model insists that government departments absolutely dominate the work of cyberspace governance,and have a preference for regulatory policy tools,with administrative supervision as the main form of governance,and relying on the law as a means of support,and physical control as the main mode of Internet public opinion governance.The operation of the traditional model has also achieved certain governance effects,such as rapid progress in the network infrastructure,gradual improvement of the network space governance system,improvement of the network environment,and progress in the development of the Internet industry.The fourth part systematically analyzes the defects existing in the traditional model of cyberspace governance in China and the theoretical dilemma existing in the traditional model.Although the traditional model has made great contributions to China’s cyberspace governance in the past,this model’s defect has become more and more prominent in new cyber situation.First,the governance structure of the model is imbalance for it’s concentrating on unilateral efforts,which made it impossible to deal with the complex situation nowadays;Secondly,the excessively strong administrative attributes of thetraditional pattern’s preferences to governance policy and governance methods caused the emergence of a large number of online opportunistic behaviors.Besides,the laws and regulations as a relying means of the traditional model always concentrate on regulating and ignore the protection of right.Finally,the traditional model’s reliance of administrative supervision means resulting in that the government’s emphasis on "blocking" when it comes to conducting online public opinion governance,further resulting in disorderly governance of Internet public opinion.The reason why these four defects of the traditional model’s came out,fundamentally came from the lack of Marxist view’s implement in this model.The fifth part proposes the concept of a new model of cyberspace governance in China on the basis of critical reference to other theories,and discusses the justification of the new model.Given that China’s traditional model of cyberspace governance’s aforementioned deficiencies,Chinese scholars have proposed five new model proposals,including government decentralized multi-headed management models,mixed-mode,multi-stakeholder models,and the multi-agent collaborative governance model.Of all the above five doctrines,the first four did not fully implement the basic requirements of the Marxist view of the masses,nor were they in line with the expectations of the new goals of China’s cyberspace governance.So they must not be chosen.The multi-agent collaborative governance model is basically in line with the Marxist view of the masses and therefore meet the requirements of China’s cyberspace governance.But scholars who hold this doctrine has not make specific systems and mechanisms about it.Based on the analysis of the five doctrines,this paper puts forward the “one main power and three auxiliary participators” cyberspace governance model,namely the formation of government as the main guiding force(“one main power”),internet enterprises,internet related organizations and netizens’(“three auxiliary participators”)participation,together hold the basic governance structure.The proposal of this new model not only theoretically agrees with the basic requirements of the Marxist view of the masses,but also hassufficient practical foundations.The sixth part discusses the supporting system and mechanism of "one main and two wings" cyberspace governance model.Specifically,it is necessary to strengthen institutional guarantees by improving the network legal system,establishing a power transferring system between government and non-government entities,improving the network professional training and management system,building a network trust fostering system,and improving the Internet public opinion guidance and response system.Through the construction of supervision mechanism,evaluation mechanism and incentive mechanism,China can strengthen the process control of the “one main power and three auxiliary participators” cyberspace collaborative governance model,and establish the self-improvement and development mechanism of “one main power and three auxiliary participators” cyberspace collaborative governance model.The conclusion part summarizes and reviews the origin and significance of the topic,the main ideas and main points of the paper,and focuses on how this article overcomes the inherent shortcomings of the traditional model of cyberspace governance in China,and based on the Marxist view of the masses to construct a "one main and two wings" cyberspace governance model;Then,this part briefly introduced the innovation of the thesis,and looked forward to further research work on the issues that have not yet been solved.