Evolution And Enlightenment Of The Occidental National Security Theory

With the increasing complex and severe national security situation,Chinese national security theory is badly in need of being constructed and improved.After the evolution last for almost a century,the Occidental national security theory has formed an academic system consisting of realist national security theory,liberalist national security theory and constructivist national security theory.As for constructing Chinese national security theory,researches on the evolution of the Occidental national security theory have reference meaning.Studying history of a theory is an indispensable basis for the construction of a discipline theory,however,researches on the evolution of the Occidental national security theory through theoretical internal approach have hit a bottleneck.It is necessary to study the evolution of the Occidental national security theory through theoretical external approach.According to the principles of Sociology of Scientific Knowledge,three through theoretical approaches(namely political changes of great powers,scientific and technological developments and historical events)are reasonable.For the three stages of the evolution of the Occidental national security theory,there are ten specific theories: idealism theory,classical realism theory,new realism theory,new liberalism theory,offensive realism theory,defensive realism theory,neo-classical realism theory,constructivism theory(American School)and constructivism theory(Copenhagen School).The laws and trends could be analysed and summarised via combing the evolution of the Occidental national security theory.In Specific,the evolution of the Occidental national security theory has four laws: being based on practical national security demands,having distinct national position,following the principles constructed during ideological origin stage,and ignoring the researches on homeland security.What's more,the evolution of Occidental national security theory has four trends: the compound of determinant,the “demilitarisation” of implementation,the non-traditional securitisation of research field,and the extension of research subjects.Thus,on the theoretical construction level,the construction of Chinese national security theory should be based on Chinese practical national security demands,have national position of maintaining core legitimate national interests,construct multiple national security determinants,construct national security implementation of peaceful development and ensure the dialectical balance of theory system;on the tactical target level,the construction of Chinese national security theory should construct homeland security theory and construct theory of Asian Security Community;on the realisation measure level,the construction of Chinese national security theory should pay attention to extract and purify from Chinese ancient national security thoughts,narrow the perception gap of national security between the government and the public,as well as,enhance the institution establishment and personnel training of national security research.