Research On Marxist Ideological Theory And Its Development In Contemporary China

The firm grasp of party leadership over ideology and the construction of socialist ideology with strong cohesion and leading force is the major strategic task and the topic of times proposed by the 19^thNational Congress of the Communist Party of China.We must emphasize on the theoretical essence and development law of Marx ideology in order to complete this major strategic task and the topic of times smoothly.As a systematic value theory and concept system,ideology is one of the most complex spiritual and political phenomena.The understanding of the essence of ideology should adhere to the analytical method of historical materialism,from the basic dimension of history,reality,theory and practice,so as to make a scientific interpretation of the Marx doctrine as the scientific ideology.Starting from the practice of revolution and construction,Marxism always adheres to its fundamental standpoint of the liberation of the proletariat and all mankind and protection of people's interests,in order to achieve the overall and free development of human beings.It reveals the universal development law of nature,human society and human thinking,pointing out the direction for the development and progress of human society.Therefore,Marxism is essentially different from all the old theory of ideology.This paper argues that the formation,development and growth of Marx's ideology theory has gone through four basic stages,forming four theoretical achievements and solving four basic problems.The first stage:Marx and Engels revealed the hypocrisy and falsity of bourgeois special ideology from the criticism of the bourgeois philosophy and capitalist social system.They expounded the formation mechanism,basic characteristics and essence of general ideology,and then reveals the basic development law of human society and the basic logic historical development.The theoretical achievements of this stage completed the transformation of the theory of classical ideology and founded the scientific socialism on the basis of historical materialism and the theory of surplus value,solving the choice of guiding ideology for proletarian revolution.The second stage:based on Marx and Engels's theory of ideology,Lenin clarified the scientific truth of Marx and Engels's theory of ideology and creatively put forward the"scientific ideology"and"socialist ideology"thought,enriching and developing Marx Engels's theory of ideology in connotation.The theoretical achievements of this stage completed the transformation of the theory of Marx and Engels ideology from theory to practice,forming the Marx ideology theory initiatorily and solving leading problem of ideology in Russian proletarian revolution and socialist construction of Soviet ideology.The third stage:Mao Zedong put forward the theory of new democratic culture and the theory of socialist culture through the combination of Marx's universal truth,China revolution and socialist construction practice,Marx's ideology theory and Chinese outstanding thought culture.The theoretical results of this stage completed the task of sinicization of Marxist ideology theory initiatorily and founded Mao Zedong thought,realizing the formation of China in the semi-colonial and semi-feudal condition from feudal autocracy to socialist system.The fourth stage:after the third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee,our party constantly summed up and studied historical experience,and the failure of the Communist Party of Soviet Union,creatively combined the basic principle of Marxist ideology theory and the construction practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics,promoting the reform and opening up and modernization powerfully.The theoretical results of this stage completed transformation of Marxist ideology from the revolutionary orientation to the construction orientation,and further promoted sinicization,modernization,popularization of Marxism,forming the ideology theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics.The theoretical achievements answered to theoretical and practical questions such as“what Marxism is and how to treat it",“what socialism is and how to build it”,“what kind of Party we must build and how to build it”and“what kind of development China should achieve and how to achieve it".Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,our party focused on major times topics such as upholding and developing what kind of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and how to adhere to and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics,put forward a series of theoretical innovation achievements,which were related to Chinese socialism,the world socialism and the destiny of the whole human beings,forming the Xi Jinping's thought of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the New era.This theory not only further deepened the understanding of the essence of Marxist ideology,but also greatly expanded the connotation of Marxism ideology,and the strong cohesion and the leading force of socialist ideology in the new era.Essentially,as a scientific ideology,Marxism not only avoids the theoretical defects of Western ideology and reveals the basic law and future direction of the development of human history,but also always adheres to standpoint of scientific truth and human morality in the proletarian revolution,socialist construction and the realization of human destiny together three different historical dimension.The scientificity of theory,the revolutionary character of practice,and the nobility of morality will usher a new development period for Marxist ideology theory.From the view of development process,Marxist Ideology Theory firstly realizes the high unity of historical logic,theoretical logic and practical requirements in development history of ideology.At the same time,the author thinks that Marxist theory of ideology not only reveals the laws of historical development,but also has has distinctive regular characteristics.Generally speaking,in the 170 years since the birth of Marxist ideological theory,the close combination of theory and practice,the combination of understanding the world and transforming the world,and the combination of mastering and guiding masses have become the general rule of the development of Marxist ideological theory.Specific experience can be summed up in seven articles:adhere to the guiding position of the Marxism;adhere to the party's leadership on the ideological work;adhere to the proletarian position and people-centered value direction,adhere to the dialectical unity of criticizing the old world and transforming the new world;adhere to the organic unity of coherence of nature and variety of method;adhere to the center work and ideological work with two powerful means;and adhere to the unity of team building and position construction.The adherence and development of Marxist ideology theory is the need to consolidate the ruling status of the party and develop socialism with characteristics;to deal with a great struggle with many new historical features and consolidate Marxism leading position in the field of ideology constantly;to enhance the ideological foundation of people's solidarity and great struggle and advance the world socialist movement and development of human civilization.This paper argues that the current adherence to and development of the Marxist ideology theory is confronted with challenges in five aspects and major issues to be solved at four levels.The challenges in five aspects are:the challenge of non-ideologicalization and the infiltration of Western values,the dominance challenge brought by economic globalization,the challenge of ideological security due to Westernization and differentiation,the challenge brought by the development of network technology,and the challenge to the mainstream ideology caused by diversified social faith.The major issues at four levels are:theoretical issue:the developing Marxism in modern China and Marxism in 21st Century;political issue:the promotion of party's leadership over ideological work;practical topics:the construction of a socialist ideology with strong cohesion and leading force;times topic:the contribution of China's plan and wisdom to the development of human society.To solve these challenges and accomplish these tasks require both practical and theoretical innovations.Therefore,in the new era,we need to profoundly sum up the essential characteristics and internal logic of Marxist ideology theory,systematically summarize the law of theoretical development and periodic achievements.The future development direction and construction path of the theory are pointed out,and its cohesive force,leading power and combat effectiveness are continuously enhanced in the course of development and expansion.