Research On The Fiscal Policy To Promote The Development Of The Old-age Service Industry

Nation,society,family,and person are all the important subjects of the liability in the development of the age of aging,which have similarities and also differences,and they support the coordinated development of pension service industry.There are different emphasis in the development of old-age care and pension industry of multiple subjects of welfare,which provide permanent security for just social living,life,and development environment.The pension service industry is not only a livelihood career to the core,and a potential industry to the future,but also the link of numerous economic phenomena,which is the sound device to decide the stable,healthy,and sustainable development of economy.Therefore,it is extremely critical to clear the function of government guidance,utilize fully and ensure the efficiency of fiscal policy tools.At present,the predicament of physical pension service industry has come into being: first of all,the rates of fertility and death are low,and it should face the double pressure due to the aging on the top and in the bottom.Secondly,it is the serious inadequacy of pension reserve.Without investment,it will cause loss,but investing will have potential risk,and the collecting,distributing,and investing of pension is facing selective problems.Thirdly,intergenerational pension has larger pressure.The difficulty of middle-aged people in working,housing,and cultivating children is increasing,they do not have enough time to take care the old people,and life-time dilation will have the problem of people over 60 years need to take care the older people over 80 years old.Fourthly,the institutions with better service are lacking in China,and the community home care service is in lacking development.The charge of nursing institution for the aged is higher with simplex service,the spiritual support service is seriously lacking,and the social home-based pension model which accounts to 90% has not come into development system.Fifth,the matched measures of postponed retirement,childbirth encouragement,and immigration do not have enough force to address,and the fiscal policies are lacing,losing,and lagging.Why should we research the fiscal policy in the pension service industry? Obviously,it is mainly to promote the upward development of economy,which can be said that the problem of population has influence on every problem.In 1935,Hu Huanyong,a geographer,published a book named “The Distribution of Chinese Population”,which foresaw the economic development in the hundreds years' future.The development of economy must accompany with people's livelihood safeguarding,so that the main lines of population and finance and tax can be illustrated fully.On one hand,it is the policy envolvement of family planning.In 1982,the promotion of basic state policy on family planning was suitable to the economic development principles at that time,when the production ability could not bear the exponential growth of population,so that the 36 years' promotion of this state policy became the objective factor in the limitation of rapid growth in population.Subjectively,it was for the healthy and orderly increasing of population,and without timely adjustment,it would cause the aging of population.It did not only have influence on the increasing percentage of elders,the aging of population is a problem related to speed,when the family planned was enforced to 2007,there was not any information on opening up of fertility,so that the bottom aging of population after a generation was extremely complicated,and if things continued in this way,the culture of low fertility would come into being,which would hind the later feasibility of policy adjustment,and also speed up the speed of disappearing of “demographic dividend”.In the back of industrialization,urbanization,and informatization,it is the crisis of the aging of population,the cost of labor force and production essence is increasing rapidly,the talents in the cities and metropolis are extremely in need,and the housing price has been higher out of imagination.On the back of these circumstances,it is the reverse of the aging of population in rural and urban areas,the compression of labor increment space,the expand of capital appreciation space,so that it will cause the malfunction of revenue distribution,relative curing of stages,and decreasing of morality indirectly.However,for the perspective of medical science and technology,the problem of aging of population is the essential process of any country or area,the increasing of comprehensive national strength and average life span are the best cases,which are also the real expressions of “top aging of population”,so that the aging of population on the top and in the bottom meet by chance.Hence,it is more essential to speed up the development of pension service industry at present,so that the initial stage of pension service system is promoted into senior stage continuously.On the other hand,it is the policy transformation of financial and taxation system.“Economy decides the tax revenue,and the tax revenue reacts upon economy”,in 1994,in order to change the status of lower percentage of fiscal revenue on GDP,and the lower percentage of central fiscal revenue on fiscal revenue,the implementation of system of tax distribution realized the division of central tax,central and local governments shared taxes,and local tax,the local fiscal was reversely developed the “land finance”,and the financial and taxation system had some large changes.“The New Budget Law” formed into public budget,governmental fund budget,stage-owned capital management budget,and social security budget these four budgets arrangement.After the historical stage of “change sales tax into VAT”,merging the state and local tax affairs organization,and the reform of “The New Tax”,the selective structural tax reducing in 2008 was transformed into large-scale tax reducing,charge reducing,and fund reducing such substantial tax cut in 2018,and the tax revenue formed into the tax system arrangement of “simple tax system,low tax rate,wide tax base,strict tax collecting”.The structural tax cutting improved the ratio of direct tax in the tax revenue in order to transform the irrational tax revenue structure,the supply-side structural reform promote the tax cutting and charge reducing continuously,so that it can realize the “lower the cost” and “improve weak links”,and correlated with Laffer curve.Social safeguard has deep influence on the basic endowment insurance and medical insurance,and other tax benefits and fiscal costing.The tax department has the total responsibility to collect social insurance premium,which has caused the fierce discussion on enterprise new cost and policy absorb.It is normally considered by the academic world that the reducing cost of social insurance can range from the previous 39% to 20% to 25%.Nevertheless,the process should be measured,and the details should be considered deeply.At the same time,the full collection of social insurance can meet the insufficiency of pension and medical insurance,so that it can avoid the over independent on pension and other payments to fiscal subsidies,improve collection efficiency,reduce collection cost,and improve the satisfaction of taxpayer,big data,and block chain,and other information and technologies to transform the tax collector into tax information officer.In addition,by means of internet selling the welfare lottery arbitrarily,it is an illegal lottery,which will ensure that safe flow of welfare lottery fund to elderly welfare.Therefore,the fiscal policy and pension service industry have the connecting interaction,the funds resource of pension service industry are mainly from fiscal cost and welfare lottery funds,the positiveness of fiscal policy has relation with the scientific,orderly,and coordinating development with pension service industry,and they are influenced and closely connecting.The traditional pension service industry is mainly based on the living at home,depended on the community,and supplied by institution.With the later completion of care insurance,the pension mode of combination of medicine and nursing gets promotion,the model of “internet with pension” has prominent effect,which has higher requirements on the effective role playing of fiscal policy.The purchasing of service by government can face up with the personal requirements of aging populations fully,the model of PPP can face up with the concrete requirements of facilities of pension service institution fully,fiscal investment,fiscal supplement,and tax benefit,and other traditional fiscal policy tools also need continuously plentiful and completing,and the pension service industry is the concrete foothold of fiscal policy.The vast elderly consumer market is the opportunity of upgrading and transformation of numerous related industrial structure in the future.Only be means of changing the reverse thinking of workforce declining,can we control the potential development opportunities easily.Except the current development status and problems,we can also make some researches on the important aspirations of the pension service fiscal policy in the developed countries and areas to the development of current pension service industry.with the acceleration of industrial revolution in the developed countries and areas,they came into the aging of population firstly.Under the background of developed production ability and strong comprehensive national strength,the fiscal policies of pension service industry nowadays are enriched and developed,and it is the political requirement in the development of times by concluding the previous and learning the advanced.The high degree of aging,the bigger challenge people will confront with.Nonetheless,no matter what kinds of enterprises and sectors,there are always opportunities.As to the development of pension service industry,it is necessary to face the difficulty.From the perspective of economy,the reducing percentage of workforce,adjustments of production factors,and changes in capital input should seize the opportunity to develop,and it is the best method to solve the problems in the development of pension service industry according to the social reality.However,there are more and more scholars who begin to face the aging problem positively,after all the contradictions of development should be solved and dissolved in accordance with local conditions,which is benefited from the vast market for our pension service industry.As an important part of tertiary industry,the smooth and sound development of pension service industry is essential to the adjustment of our economic structure.Based on this point,we can transform the challenges into opportunities,transform the disadvantages into advantages,transform the rapid development of pension service industry and welfare industry reversely,and control the negative influence into the minimal scope.With the lacking and insufficient of family endowment ability,socialism,diversified,and industrialized pension come up with at the right moment,with the transmission of family structure,and inter-generational relations,and the increasing of empty nests,the standards of the society to the pension service industry is higher,and the term of adjusting,supplying,and completing the pension service industry is tight,which will cause the advanced implementation of government purchasing policy,social ensuring policy,industry policy,and fiscal policy,so that it can realize the assisting development of family,society,and market,and other bodies.It is thought by population aging theory,that the daily increasing of aging populations is a reflection of social progress,and in fact,it is that the social resources are incline to aged populations,and the social basis in the development of pension service industry depends on the increasing of aging populations,so that it will bring the deep influence on the economic development model,social governance method,elderly income security,and structure of supply and demand for elderly care service.The difficulties to the most developing countries are “aging before getting rich” and “aging before preparation”,and it is no time to delay the construction of suitable social secure system and pension service system.There are totally 7 chapters in this article,which are as follow:The part of introduction,it plans to illustrate the research background and topic significance of this article.On this basis,by means of summarizing of vast research literature,we can study and refer to the researches of scholars at home and abroad,so that we can put forward the research contents,research thoughts,and research methods of this article,explore the possible innovations and disadvantages of the design,and finally i will summarize the total frame and contents of this article.Chapter one: it is theoretical analysis on pension service industry and fiscal policies,which develops the research on the related concept definition of pension service industry,theoretical gist of government intervention to pension service industry,and the mechanism of action of facilitation of fiscal policies to pension service industry,and discuss the related gist and deficiencies in detail.Chapter two: it is analysis on the fiscal policy status of pension service industry.In this part,we will comprehensively illustrate the role of fiscal policies in the construction of pension service from the aspects of capital investment of pension service industry,changes of policy environment,diversified pension service model,policy changes of pension service,changes of statistical data,accomplishments and conditions of pension service,“universal two-child policy”,and postponed retirement,with close connection with the target and location of financial perspective.Chapter three: it is the analysis and exploration of fiscal policies in the development of pension service industry.By means of analyzing the function of fiscal association and fiscal policy,the inefficiency of fiscal policies in the pension service industry and the ineffective results can be found on time,so that we can provide gist for the output of solutions.Chapter four: it is empirical analysis of fiscal policies to the development of pension service industry.By means of selecting of representative statistical index,we can select panel data from 2007 to 2016 of 31 provinces in the level of central government,analyze the areas of east,middle,and west respectively.By combination with the development features of nursing institution for the aged,using VAR model and quantile regression,and calculating the fiscal gap of nursing institutions for the aged of every place,so that we can analyze the influence of fiscal policies on the development of pension service industry briefly.Chapter five: it is the fiscal policy of pension service industry in developed countries(areas).By referring to the American long-term care service system,British community care,German “multiple generations living together”,Japanese nursing supply system,and elderly service in Hong Kong,and other kinds of pension service industries and experience in fiscal policy,and comment them precisely,so that we can get aspiration.Chapter six: it is the advice on completing the fiscal policy in our pension service industry.In this part,from the perspectives of precise localization,complete fiscal policy system,effective implementation,regulated development,and equipped measures to discuss the requirements in the development of pension service industry,i try to provide security thinking for the development of pension service industry in the future.I hope that what i do can have some benefits in the promotion of constructing a positive,healthy,and harmonious China.