Research On The Design And Evaluation Of Immersive Virtual Learning Environment

Immersive Virtual Learning Environment(IVLE)is a new type of learning environment constructed by VR technology and three prominent features of VR are immersion,interaction and imagination.IVLE expands the connotation of learning environment and provides possibilities for virtual learning activities.IVLE is unique in situational creation and three-dimensional spatial display,providing technical support for experiential learning,exploratory learning,operational learning,observational learning,etc.,and has potential value for enhancing learners' experience and spatial perception.As a concept in pedagogy,experience refers to the learning activities that generate emotions and corresponding meanings on the basis of real feeling and deep understanding of things.In the IVLE environment,experience plays an important role in the learning process.Good experience is conducive to the maintenance and development of learning activities,as well as the cultivation of skills and emotional attitudes,and the realization of learning reflection and learning objectives.IVLE has a natural advantage in the creation of three-dimensional space,providing convenient conditions for spatial learning,and spatial perception has become one of the most important experiences for learners.How to effectively improve learners' learning experience in IVLE and carry out spatial learning evaluation is a problem faced by this study.Therefore,this paper takes experiential IVLE design and spatial learning evaluation as research contents.Firstly,the experiential IVLE design method is discussed by combining experiential learning theory,flow theory and situational learning theory.Secondly,it analyzes the characteristics of spatial learning,constructs the spatial learning evaluation index system,and forms the spatial learning evaluation scale.Finally,an experiential IVLE design method is used to develop an experiential learning environment design case and to evaluate the spatial learning effect,which provides a reference for further improving the IVLE design method.The research contents of this paper mainly include:(?)Theoretical principles of IVLE design were discussed and clarified.On the basis of discussing the connotation of learning environment,the concept of IVLE is analyzed and defined,and the main environmental elements are summarized.It analyzes experiential learning,flow theory,situational learning theory,constructivist learning theory and other relevant theories,and proposes an experience-oriented IVLE design method.IVLE has a stronger sense of space and presence and spatial experience is one of the important experiences of learners in IVLE.From the perspective of spatial learning,the evaluation method of spatial learning of IVLE is preliminarily discussed.(?)IVLE design framework and methodology were constructed based on experiential learning theory.Guided by the experiential learning model,IVLE scenarios,learning activities and teaching interaction design methods are discussed in detail to satisfy learners' experience.Firstly,before the start of the design,it is necessary to identify the factors involved,analyze the IVLE environment design factors such as learner characteristics,application situations,learning contents and objectives,and point out the direction for the design activities.By combing the situational learning theory and constructivist learning theory,it is proposed that context is an important part of experiential IVLE design,and six principles of situational design are summarized.Four scenarios of experiential context,reflective context,concept-forming context and verification context are discussed.The types of activities such as observational learning and operational learning that are suitable for IVLE environment were explored.Guided by the theory of experiential learning,the four stages of specific experiential activities,reflective activities,abstract and conceptual activities,and testing activities were demonstrated,and the design methods of activity elements such as objectives and tasks in each stage were analyzed.This paper demonstrates the supporting role of avatars in the IVLE environment for instructional interaction,designs two kinds of interaction modes:branching and self-constructing,and points out that usability and convenience are the key issues that should be paid attention to in experiential interaction design.This paper summarizes the methods of learning environment design,proposes that context,learning activities and interaction are the main contents of learning environment design,and extracts and forms the experiential IVLE design process and framework.(?)Spatial learning evaluation indexes was designed and verified.Due to the immersion and binocular stereo display features of IVLE environment,it is easier for learners to experience virtual 3D space.Spatial perception is one of the important contents of experience,and IVLE plays an important role in supporting spatial learning.On the basis of clarifying spatial learning,the first-level index and second-level index of IVLE spatial learning evaluation were constructed,and a spatial learning evaluation scale of three dimensions including spatial experience,spatial cognitive engagement and spatial ability improvement was developed based on these indexes.The reliability and validity of the spatial learning evaluation scale were analyzed by means of confirmatory factor analysis,and the validity of the scale was verified.(?)Experiential IVLE design cases and evaluation of spatial learning.Combined with the characteristics of field practice teaching in biology,the experiential IVLE design method was used to design the experiential situation,the reflective and conceptual situation and the detection situation.An equal group of experimental designs was used to evaluate the spatial learning effect,and the differences in the spatial experience,spatial cognitive engagement,spatial ability improvement and overall spatial learning effect of avatar,voice navigation and arrow indicating icon navigation were examined.