The Spatial Characteristics Of E-commerce In China And Its Impact On The Real Economy

In the past ten years,electronic commerce,relying on the development of Internet and communication technology and the support of the corresponding national policies,has achieved unprecedented speed.At present,it has penetrated into many aspects of people's life and production,and has become an important engine to promote economic growth.Our country also timely put forward the strategy of "Internet plus" action plan,which reflects the importance of Internet economy such as e-commerce in daily life and production.So,how is the current development of e-commerce in China? As an emerging economic industry with relatively weak regional constraints,it has an impact on the regional economy.We not only need to expound in theory,but also need empirical research in this field.Unfortunately,due to the electronic commerce belongs to new things,whether official or other research institutions have been for many years,based on the electronic commerce of the provincial or city level index data is available,the existing empirical studies basic it is limited in a certain time point cross section data analysis,it is difficult to fully reflect the status of the development of electronic commerce,also hard to effectively reveal the constraint factors of the electronic commerce development around.This article attempts to make a breakthrough in this area.At the same time,e-commerce relies on the Internet,and has some attributes that are different from traditional industries,especially traditional real economy.There are many problems worth studying in both theory and practice.Among them,the relationship between e-commerce and the real economy is the most urgent need to be clarified,and even triggered the so-called "virtual economy or real economy" dispute.By studying the influencing factors of e-commerce development,we can test whether it is divorced from the real economy.Moreover,this paper attempts to empirically explore the impact of e-commerce on the traditional real economy based on the statistical measurement of e-commerce development.The proportion of e-commerce itself in the total economic total is still limited,but in theory,it can greatly reduce the transaction costs between regions and promote the integration of the market.Thus,it may weaken the geographical economic agglomeration and reduce the economic gap between regions.At present,the rising "e-commerce poverty alleviation" reflects this aspect of consideration.However,as an industry,e-commerce as an industry may also have a scale economy,and there is a strong spillover relationship with other departments,and it may also strengthen the original economic gap.Visible,according to the theories of regional economics and new economic geography,the mechanism of e-commerce applied to the real economy mainly on its impact on regional economic pattern,and the influence of direction in theory is uncertain.In the traditional real economy,manufacturing industry plays the most important role.Therefore,this paper will first examine its impact on the inter-regional manufacturing pattern.Secondly,the direct impact of e-commerce is the traditional retail industry.Since e-commerce has reduced the transaction cost,it does not actually reduce the total retail sales of the society,but the internet makes the retail industry no longer entirely dependent on the entity stores,the gold prosperous store may devalue,and in recent years some business circles have collapsed.As a result,the development of electronic commerce not only affect the macro pattern of regional economy,also by the impact on the entity retail affect the layout of the city and the value of commercial real estate.In the long run,it also puts forward new challenges to the management of the city,and its significance is not to be underestimated.Although there has been concern in the literature,there is still a lack of systematic examination and consistent conclusion.Therefore,in order to understand the impact of e-commerce on the real economy in a more comprehensive way,this paper will also make an empirical study on the impact of the real retail and urban commercial real estate.In order to study the above problem,we through the web crawler tool,basing on the representative principle,and we select the hottest 12 category crown shops and Tmall shops as samples.We collected the number of stores registered in 332 cities in 31 provinces of China from 2003 to 2015 and constructed indicators reflecting the development level of e-commerce according to these data.Based on Taobao electricity supplier data,we measured the development level of e-commerce in Chinese provinces between 2003 and 2015 years,and investigated the characteristics of spatial distribution of e-commerce.According to the measure of the space Gini coefficient,it is found that the development of e-commerce in all provinces of China is very uneven.It is highly concentrated in the coastal developed provinces,such as Guangdong Province,Zhejiang Province,Jiangsu Province and Shandong Province,but it is similar to the distribution of traditional real manufacturing industry in China.At the same time,in the long run,the distribution of e-commerce space is generally spread from east to west.In the investigation of its influencing factors,it is found that manufacturing agglomeration ultimately has an important impact on e-commerce agglomeration.This not only provides empirical evidence for the application of Marshall's external economic theory to the new economy of e-commerce,but also shows that e-commerce is not equivalent to "virtual economy",which also helps to clarify the "virtual economy or real economy " dispute in recent years.In the study of the impact of e-commerce on regional economic pattern,this paper introduces e-commerce technology in the model to investigate its effect on regional economic convergence.It is found that although the role of e-commerce is more complex in the economic convergence of all provinces,it has more stability and promotion for the convergence of conditions.On the one hand,it supports the theoretical mechanism of e-commerce to promote regional economic convergence by reducing transaction costs.On the other hand,it further identifies the role of electronic commerce as a new technology for regional economic convergence and enriches the research in this field.Finally,we study the effect of e-commerce on urban retail space pattern.As mentioned in the existing literature,due to the mechanism of information costs,traditional retail businesses often form business clusters and other forms of agglomeration.Because e-commerce reduces the cost of information,this agglomeration will weaken,and the store can choose the lower rent location,thus reducing the value of the commercial property.In order to exclude the general factors affecting the value of real estate,this paper makes some regresses to take the commercial housing and housing price ratio as the dependent variable and the development level of e-commerce as the explanatory variable,and found that in the control of the business conditions,investment and area of new development,transportation,urbanization,time factors such as cases,the development level of e-commerce always show a significant negative effects for business/housing price ratio.This shows that e-commerce significantly inhibits the rise of commercial housing prices,thus demonstrating its theoretical analysis of weakening traditional business circles and making retail distribution more diffuse.In addition,for cities of different sizes,e-commerce has a consistent effect on the price of commercial housing,indicating that the impact of e-commerce on traditional retailing is universal.