Study Of Multi-subjects Cooperation In Logistics Cluster Evolution

Although the occurrence of logistics park in China is less than twenty years,with the fast development,in 2015 there are 1210 logistics parks according to China Federation of Logistics&Purchasing(CFLP),and now over 7000 logistics parks can be find in Baidu Map.It seems that the development of logistics park turned from seeking intensification to vulgar brutal growth.As the result,it’s very popular of the phenomenon such as low-level repeated construction,lacking industry interaction,poor enterprise communication,no closely park cooperation.Moreover,the development and construction of logistics park lack adequate and useful theory guidance.In recent twenty years,the research of logistics park,logistics space aggregation,logistics industry cluster are separated in the academia of China.From reviews of relevant papers,the source of such three kinds of research are different,and the method and topic of research hold large diversity.Determining position and scale by theories of operation optimization is the main direction in research of logistics park.Logistics space aggregation discusses the reason and effect of industry aggregation as well as the relation between such aggregation and local industry.While logistics industry cluster focuses on the relation among enterprises in same cluster and aim to take advantage of cluster competitiveness by taking cluster strategy so that promote the development of logistics industry.Papers merging such three directions are not very popular and the estrangement of research limit the potential of the theoretical guidance and influences theory development.Cooperation is considered as the core of the development of industry cluster.This paper focuses on the multi-subjects cooperation problem in logistics cluster evolution and seeks the method to promote enterprise cooperation and industry development,by considering logistics park,logistics space aggregation and logistics industry cluster as the existence of logistics cluster in different stage with different form.Research in this paper contains following four parts:(1)Conclude the connotation,character,shape and value of logistics cluster by paper review.There are many concepts about logistics cluster,such as logistics industry cluster,logistics enterprise cluster,logistics industry aggregation,logistics cluster,logistics aggregation and so on.It’s popular for mixing these concepts,while some researchers compare such concepts and try to give some more clearly boundaries for them.Although these concepts have different emphasis point,their major composition are all focus on the aggregation on geometry region for logistics enterprises which have the same competition advantage and hold same aim of development strategy.So it’s the most comprehensive and proper to use ’logistics cluster’ to represent these similar concepts.Since logistics activity has characters like cross-region,multi-subjects and networking,logistics cluster shows characters unlike general industry cluster,including region selection,device dependency,requirement drive,resource variance,information based and function hierarchy.Logistics cluster is a dynamic evolving process that first logistics enterprise and service function cluster at certain geometry location,then logistics companies compete and cooperate,finally logistics cluster cooperates web-based,and the whole process adjust endlessly for the continuous change of logistics desire.In China,the most usually type of logistics cluster is logistics park,but not all logistics parks can develop and become logistics cluster.If we want to take advantage of the collective effect of logistics parks,we have to cultivate park to real logistics cluster,and then take advantage of the comprehensive advantage of logistics cluster.(2)hierarchically investigate logistics industry cluster evolution process through empirical analysis.This paper has analyzed the status of logistics,the difference of logistics’space aggregation in different province,the geometry location of logistics cluster and the situation of companies in logistics parks from different levels like country,province,city and park.According to the result of analysis,logistics industry increase is stable in GDP of China,while decrease in third industry increase,which has reversed relation to the industrial structure upgrade;the location aggregation of logistics industry actually exists and is obviously relevant to the industrial structure upgrade;logistics outlets shows aggregation character on space dimension,and each city contains outlets with different number and scale.But generally,there are less logistics outlets in large logistics cluster;logistics parks occur because of the management of relevant laws.In recent decade,the number of logistics park in China increase continuously,and has been surplus compared to developed countries.Nowadays parks are too small so that the collective effect is not enough.So it’s important to promote logistics clusters and parks to further aggregate by decrease competition and increase cooperation.(3)Based on game theory,conclude the dynamic,type and difficulty of multi-subjects cooperation in logistics cluster,as well as provide the comprehensive strategy for promoting cooperation.By paper review,this paper makes the cooperation dilemma and five mechanisms for promoting individual to cooperation more clear.Moreover,this paper concludes the dynamic and value of multi-subjects cooperation in logistics,such as taking advantage of resource,improving service ability,improving creativity,improving resource utility and reducing competition.There are many difficulties in cooperation,which can be generally divided into the impediment of culture,the restriction of management mechanism,the limitation of management ability,the worry of potential risk,and the cooperation dilemma of individual reason.While by game theory,these difficulties can be divided into two types.One is that in some special situation,relevant agents cannot benefit from cooperation.Another one is that although there are benefits in cooperation,because of cooperation dilemma,agents still chose betrayal driven by their selfishness.For these difficulties,along with the five mechanisms for promoting cooperation,this paper proposes strategies in four aspects to promote cooperation,containing construction of correct logistics development concept,specification of task,perfection of character and thining of strategy.These strategies either let agents evaluate the value of cooperation more correctly,or let them get out cooperation dilemma by changing the pay off matrix.(4)This paper also refines and expands the strategies of promoting multi-subjects cooperation.It creatively combines two-side market theory,evolving game theory and optimal control method,designs optimal control rate and proves the effectiveness of through numerical simulation.Take car-good match platform as example,in which customers are individuals with limited rationality,and chose cooperation or betrayal by continuous trying.For promoting customers evolving from multi-homing to single-homing,increasing ratio of cooperative customers and improving match ratio as well as platform value,we can design the control method based on customer quality metric that reduce transaction fee for single-homing customers and make up for their loss of giving up multi-homing transaction.Analysis shows that opportunity benefit of multi-homing,loyalty benefit of single-homing and subsidy from platform to single-homing customers will all affect the ratio of single-homing customers.And the comparison of benefits of multi-homing and single-homing customers will determine whether the stable evolution strategy exists or not.If the comparison is not always positive or negative,the lower bound of single-homing customers is determined by the control of platform and the upper bound is determined by the subsidy of platform.Based on the relation of such control and stable evolution strategy,this paper designs the optimal control for promoting the ratio of single-homing customers,and shows the effect of optimal control rate to optimal control trace.This research provides theoretical and technical support to logistics park operator for promoting cluster cooperation.