A Study On The Relationship Between Environment,Dynamic Capability And Innovation Performance-niche-based Perspective

Dynamic capability,which changes resource allocation to adapt to environmental changes,is considered to be the key for enterprises to achieve innovation performance.With the rapid development of knowledge and technology,enterprises are entering the competitive environment of expanding N+1 dimension resources.The complexity of new business and the ambiguity of competitors put forward higher requirements for the dynamic capabilities of enterprises accordingly.Based on the niche theory,analyzing how enterprises choose and optimize niche in the new competitive environment,and exploring the relationship among competitive environment,dynamic capability and innovation performance,are meaningful for both realistic and theoretical study for enterprises to obtain sustainable competitive advantage.Taking enterprises in the context of the"Internet Plus" and "mass entrepreneurship and innovation",the niche theory,the environmental uncertainty theory,the dynamic capability theory,the business ecosystem theory,and the synergy theory are adopted synthetically.This paper discusses that the characteristics of business ecosystem and enterprise niche driven by cross-border integration and innovation;the new connotation,elements,formation and evolution mechanism of dynamic capability;a symbiosis model which is concluded that enterprise innovation performance depends on the ratio of the dynamic capability between the enterprise and its competitors,and the natural change rate of market share.Also,through multiple case studies,the correlation mechanism among competitive environment,dynamic capacity and innovation performance is explored,and the moderating role of entrepreneurship is found.The empirical statistical data are used to verify the mechanism,and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.There are may be three main innovations in this paper:Firstly,it puts forward the three-dimensional theory of the dynamic capability from the perspective of Niche(Niche Construction Ability,Niche Displacement Ability,Niche co-opetition Ability),reveals the new connotation,composition and evolution mechanism of the dynamic capability of enterprises in the new context,and builds the symbiotic model of enterprises in the ecosystem,which enriches and expands the dynamic capability theory to a certain extent.Secondly,a theoretical model of competitive environment(alien species invasion and local species variation)and innovation performance is constructed from the niche perspective,which with niche construction ability,niche dislocation ability and niche competition ability as intermediate variables and entrepreneurship as moderator variables.The results show that the invasion of alien species had positive effects on niche construction ability,niche co-opetition a'bility and niche dislocation ability,which is the most significant on promoting niche construction ability.The positive relation of local variation to niche construction ability,niche co-opetition ability and niche dislocation ability is also significant,which is the most significant on promoting niche co-opetition ability.These three abilities have significant influence on the mediating effect of competitive environment and innovation performance,among which the mediating effect of niche co-opetition ability is most significant.Thirdly,it is concluded that the niche construction ability is the most important to maintain the competitive advantage of enterprises when the competitive environment is in a high degree of turbulence,while the niche dislocation ability is the most important when the degree of turbulence is moderate.The formation and enhancement of the dynamic capacity based on the niche are affected by both endogenous and exogenous paths.The endogenous path is formed by the enterprise's cognition of the external environment and then make the active adjustment of the enterprise niche.The exogenous path is based on the alien species invasion and local species variation which impose on the enterprise niche,so as to stimulate and induce the formation and improvement of dynamic capability,represented mainly by the technology spillover caused by alien species invasion and the innovation on existing business or model.