Dynamic Service Innovation Capabilities Of Manufacturing Enterprises:Driving Factors And Their Effect Mechanism On Competitive Advantages

With the continuous change and development of digital technology in the 21st century,the fourth industrial revolution has arrived.The rise of the digital economyhas made the external environment in which enterprises are located is full of variability,uncertainty,complexity and ambiguity.Based on the service-dominant logic,manufacturing and service industries are deeply integrated,and manufacturing enterprises have responded to environmental changes through servitization transformation.However,in the process of servitization,the service input and return of some enterprises are not proportional,resulting in the "servitization paradox".Therefore,how to obtain competitive advantages in the servitization transformation has become a key issue of concern in the business and academic circles.As an effective means to achieve servitization transformation and upgrading,service innovation provides manufacturing enterprises with overall service solutions.However,service innovation is not achieved overnight.In order to maintain competitive advantages in complex and diverse competitive environments,manufacturing enterprises must continue to carry out different forms of service innovation activities.Therefore,they need to continuously acquire,transform and apply service innovation knowledge in the whole process of innovation value chain through dynamic service innovation capabilities,so as to accurately match the complex and changing environment.Dynamic service innovation capabilities are the capabilities of manufacturing enterprises to carry out service innovation continuously and rapidly in order to meet the dynamic service demand of customers.They are the capabilities of all departments involved in service innovation based on the common development of the whole service process.They develop and redesign enterprise resources based on knowledge perspective,integrate and reconstruct internal and external knowledge of the enterprise continuously,and reorganize "common knowledge" into the knowledge more conducive to service innovation,so as to improve existing services or provide new services.Firstly,This paper reviews relevant literature on dynamic service innovation capabilities and finds that although existing literature has explored the concept,dimensions and functions of dynamic service innovation capabilities and achieved certain research results.But it is not clear whether dynamic service innovation capabilities improve the competitive advantage of manufacturing enterprises and the specific paths of their effect on competitive advantages.Therefore,based on the historical background of the service-oriented transformation of manufacturing enterprises,this paper focuses on the core issue of "How manufacturing enterprises use dynamic service innovation capabilities to obtain competitive advantages",and further divides this core issue into two sub-studies to effectively improve dynamic service innovation capabilities" as the antecedent research and "how dynamic service innovation capabilities enable enterprises to obtain competitive advantages" as the result research.The core question of this research is answered by the process logic of "knowledge acquisition-knowledge transformation-knowledge application" from the perspective of knowledge.This study first discusses the relevant theories involved in the research--dynamic capabilities theory,knowledge-based view,capability life cycle theory and dual innovation theory.Then,through literature review,dynamic service innovation capabilities and related variables are reviewed,the connotation and dimension division of each variable in this study are clearly defined,and the possible relationships between variables are clarified.The shortcomings of the existing literature are summarized,which lays a foundation for further answering the research questions.In the study of driving factors,this study analyzes and identifies three main forces driving dynamic service innovation capability(network embedded,strategic orientation and organizational learning)based on the knowledge base view and dynamic capability theory,starting from the internal and external knowledge of enterprises.Through the fuzzy set qualitative comparison analysis(fs QCA),the three factors driving the dynamic service innovation capability were matched,and a total of five paths to promote the dynamic service innovation capability and two paths to inhibit the development of dynamic service innovation capability were obtained,and each configuration configuration path was further analyzed according to the capability life cycle theory.In the study of the effect mechanism,this study follows the "S-P-P" research paradigm,and according to the knowledge-based view,dynamic capability theory and dual innovation theory,introduces the intermediary variable dual service innovation,builds the mechanism model of the influence of dynamic service innovation ability on competitive advantage of manufacturing enterprises,and uses Amos to construct structural equation to verify it.The analysis results are further discussed.This study draws the following conclusions: firstly,the antecedents at the organizational level that drive the dynamic service innovation capability can be refined into network embeddedness(relational embeddedness and structural embeddedness),strategic orientation(market orientation,entrepreneurial orientation and technology orientation)and organizational learning,and none of the antecedents can be a necessary condition for the dynamic service innovation capability.Secondly,there are five configurations that lead to high-level dynamic service innovation capability.According to the theory of capability life cycle,the five configurations are divided into three configurations,namely,the initial stage of capability,the development stage of capability and the maturity stage of capability.The driving effect of the five configuration paths on dynamic service innovation capability is equivalent.There are two configuration paths that lead to non-high-level dynamic service innovation capability,which also proves that the configuration research results are asymmetric.Thirdly,the dimensions of dynamic service innovation capability-sensing user needs,sensing technological option,co-producing &orchestrating have a significant positive impact on the competitive advantage;Fourthly,exploitative service innovation plays a mediating role between all dimensions of dynamic service innovation capabilities(except sensing user needs)and competitive advantage,while exploratory service innovation plays a mediating role between all dimensions of dynamic service innovation capability and competitive advantage.Fifthly,the balancing effect of ambivalent service innovation has no effect on competitive advantage,while the interaction effect has a positive effect on competitive advantage.To sum up,this dissertation focuses on the realistic dilemma faced by Chinese manufacturing enterprises in the process of service-oriented,explores the driving factors and mechanism of multidimensional variables of dynamic service innovation capability,clarifies the path,mode and mechanism of its action on competitive advantage,and opens the "black box" of the action process of dynamic service innovation capability on competitive advantage.It provides an effective and concrete solution to solve the "service-oriented paradox".Aiming at the service-oriented problem of manufacturing enterprises,the organic combination of dynamic capability theory,service innovation theory and dual innovation theory has certain theoretical significance in guiding enterprises to improve dynamic service innovation ability and develop dual service innovation activities to obtain competitive advantages,and provides effective decision-making basis for enterprise managers to carry out relevant practices.Due to time constraints,this study could not carry out long-term follow-up research,so it is possible to further study the dynamic development of enterprises across periods in future studies.