| In the world,China is one of the countries that suffer the most frequent and serious agricultural natural disasters.About 20% of the crops in China suffer from natural disasters every year.The direct and indirect losses caused by disasters to the main body of agricultural production are huge,threatening the sustainable development of agriculture and the stability of the income of agricultural practitioners.Therefore,it is necessary to manage the risks in the process of agricultural production.In agricultural risk management measures,agricultural insurance is a more effective and standardized risk management tool.Agricultural insurance belongs to policy-based insurance.China mainly promotes the development of agricultural insurance through premium subsidies.As the main component of agricultural insurance,planting insurance has developed rapidly,but there are many problems that need to be improved,such as single subsidy mode,few subsidy varieties,high insurance premium rate,low level of security,low willingness of agricultural producers to insure,insurance companies to arbitrage subsidy funds,and so on.These problems indicate that it is urgent to construct a performance evaluation system of crop insurance,and to analyze the existing problems in the development of crop insurance,so as to provide theoretical support and Countermeasures for promoting the development of crop insurance.Based on the above background,this paper takes planting insurance in Jinan as an example,and evaluates its performance from the perspective of agricultural production subject,insurance company and government,trying to provide empirical and theoretical basis for the government to formulate subsidy policies scientifically and improve the efficiency of financial subsidy.One is to construct a performance evaluation framework from the perspective of tripartite participants.This paper analyses the influence mechanism of insurance premium subsidy on the performance of agricultural producers,insurance companies and government,and puts forward five hypotheses:pemium subsidy promotes the enthusiasm of agricultural producers;premium subsidy promotes the enthusiasm of agricultural producers to insure;premium subsidy improves the operational efficiency of insurance business of insurance companies;premium subsidy helps to stabilize agricultural production;premium subsidy helps to increase the income of agricultural practitioners.Five hypotheses were validated by selecting different target variables and empirical methods.The second is to evaluate the performance of insurance premium subsidy for planting industry in Jinan.Based on the data of planting insurance premium subsidy in Jinan,the performance of planting insurance premium subsidy in Jinan was preliminarily evaluated by factor analysis.From the result of factor analysis,the public factor loads of insurance premium subsidy and premium income are 0.9293 and 0.9297,respectively.The index scores are 0.2013 and 0.2014,which are higher than the index scores of agricultural machinery power and cultivated land area,but lower than the total agricultural output value and agricultural labor force score,indicating that these two indicators are important for cropping industry.Insurance development has played a certain role in promoting.Thirdly,it evaluates the performance of insurance premium subsidy for planting industry from the perspective of agricultural production subjects.Firstly,with the help of micro-survey data,a multiple regression model is constructed with the input enthusiasm of agricultural production as the explanatory variable.Agricultural production cost index is selected to measure the input enthusiasm of agricultural production,and the impact of premium subsidies on the improvement of the production enthusiasm of the main agricultural producers is emphatically analyzed.Empirical analysis shows that the increase of insurance premium subsidy for planting industry has significantly increased the production cost of agricultural production subjects,i.e.increased the production enthusiasm of agricultural production subjects,which verifies the research hypothesis 1: "Insurance premium subsidy has increased the production volume of agricultural production subjects".Polarity.For hypothesis 2,the logit model is used to analyze the intensity of the willingness of agricultural producers to continue to add insurance for planting industry as the explanatory variable.Empirical analysis shows that the increase of premium subsidy has a significant impact on the willingness of agricultural producers to increase insurance coverage.Among them,for every 100 units of subsidies,the enthusiasm of agricultural producers to continue to add insurance will increase by 0.43 odds ratio,which verifies hypothesis 2: "premium subsidies can enhance the enthusiasm of agricultural producers to insure."Fourthly,it evaluates the performance of insurance premium subsidy in planting industry from the perspective of insurance companies.By using DEA model and Malmquist index method,the operational efficiency of insurance company's planting insurance business under premium subsidy is analyzed from static and dynamic perspectives respectively.The conclusion is that through the static operation efficiency analysis,the overall operation efficiency of the five insurance companies is constantly improving,but basically the scale efficiency of the agricultural insurance companies is less than the pure technical efficiency every year;through the dynamic operation efficiency analysis,the agricultural insurance companies in Jinan City are concluded.The total factor production efficiency of planting insurance shows an inverted "U" trend,but the reason for this trend is not the excessive subsidies,but the decline of technological progress.Based on the results of static and dynamic operation efficiency analysis,the insurance premium subsidy has significantly improved the operation efficiency of the insurance company's planting insurance business,thus verifying the hypothesis of "three premium subsidy improves the operation efficiency of the insurance company's planting insurance business".Fifthly,it evaluates the performance of insurance premium subsidy for planting industry from the perspective of government.Firstly,the stability of agricultural production is selected as the explanatory variable,the index of agricultural gross output value is selected to measure,and the Cobbdoras production function is used for empirical analysis.The result is that the effect of premium subsidy on agricultural gross value is relatively limited,but after 2012,with the increase of planting insurance subsidy,premium subsidy plays a more and more important role in stabilizing agricultural gross output value.This shows that the healthy development of crop insurance is conducive to stabilizing agricultural production,which also verifies to some extent the research hypothesis 4,"Premium subsidies contribute to stabilizing agricultural production".Then,using the static panel threshold regression model developed by Hansen(1999)as the explanatory variable,this paper systematically examines the non-linear structural impact of premium subsidies on the income of agricultural practitioners.The results show that,restricted by income level,the impact of insurance premium subsidy on the income of agricultural practitioners in Jinan shows the "threshold" characteristics: when the income level of agricultural practitioners is low and the per capita income is less than 9570.11 yuan,the effect of insurance premium subsidy on the income of agricultural practitioners in Jinan is very small and little.Only when the income level of agricultural practitioners reaches a certain level and exceeds 12468.99 yuan,will the income-increasing effect of insurance premium subsidy for planting industry be obvious.Although the impact of premium subsidies on the income of agricultural practitioners is different in different regions.But on the whole,the influence coefficient of premium subsidy on the income of agricultural practitioners is gradually increasing,that is,the effect of premium subsidy on the income of agricultural practitioners is more and more obvious,thus verifying to a certain extent the hypothesis of "premium subsidy helps to increase the income of agricultural practitioners".According to the empirical analysis,the conclusion of this paper is as follows: in recent years,with the increasing of insurance subsidies,planting insurance has been promoting the enthusiasm of the main body of agricultural production,promoting the enthusiasm of the main body of agricultural production to insure,improving the efficiency of insurance operation,stabilizing agricultural production and increasing the income of agricultural practitioners.The role is becoming more and more prominent,but there are also some problems.In policy design,we need to improve the top-level design of crop insurance support policies,improve the subsidy mechanism of crop insurance,improve the awareness of agricultural producers of crop insurance,improve the actuarial system and adjustment mechanism of insurance premium,improve the reinsurance mechanism of crop insurance and the risk dispersal mechanism of catastrophe,and strengthen the crop insurance industry.Supervision. |
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