Group Stereotypes Of Hotel Employees

Industry stereotypes determine people's basic views on specific industries and have a fundamental impact on the development of human resources in the industry.Stereotypes are like filters of perception,which have a significant impact on people's emotions,thoughts,and behavioral outcomes.At present,the turnover rate of the hotel industry in China have been high,and it is difficult for hotel companies to attract and retain the human resources with both ability and political integrity.This problem is mainly caused by the image of the hotel industry and the social image of employees.Hotel industry employees have always been regarded as low-capacity,low-status,low-paying labor resources.When the hotel industry image merges with the hotel's work characteristics,it will project a negative image of the employee group,and when the employee perceives that the negative image of the group has been generally recognized in the society(ie,the meta-stereotype),the individual employees' perceptions of their own groups will also be stereotyped,that is,form a group self-stereotype.Negative internal group stereotypes and hotel industry image will lead to low professional group recognition and low professional identity of hotel industry employees,and undermine the social self-esteem and self-confidence of employees in the hotel's professional identity,which leads to the reality of employee turnover in hotel industry.Under such a realistic background,the structural elements,antecedent factors and consequence mechanism of internal group stereotype from the perspective of hotel employees need urgent attention from academic research and industry practice.Therefore,this study takes the group stereotypes of hotel employees as the starting point,and uses the analytical framework based on the double perspectives of customers and employees to explore three research questions: customer's evaluation factors and structure system of hotel employees' group image in China,the antecedent process and functionary mechanism of employee groups' self-stereotype,in order to make a theoretical explanation for the antecedents and consequences mechanism of the hotel employees' group stereotype.In the specific research process,firstly,through the literature analysis method and theoretical derivation,based on social identity theory and group status characteristic theory,this paper constructs an antecedent model of group meta-stereotype and group status of hotel employees on self-stereotype.Using social identity theory and attitude theory for reference,this paper constructs a theoretical model of hotel employees' self-stereotype on the psychological factors related to their individual working environment and their willingness to stay.Then,through the collection of hotel customer reviews,the framework-based emotional semantic analysis method is used to extract the evaluation elements and structural dimensions of hotel employees' group image;At the same time,this study conducted a questionnaire survey on hotel employees,using AMOS-based structural equation analysis method and SPSS-based multivariate statistical analysis method to empirically test the antecedent process and consequences mechanism of the hotel employees' group stereotype.The main conclusions of the study include:Firstly,the qualitative analysis of the customer review text found that the evaluation of the hotel employees' group image can be measured from the two dimensions of professional integrity and professional competence,and each dimension has five measurement indicators.Professional integrity consists of two sub-dimensions: enthusiasm and morality,while professional competence is mainly composed of competency indicators such as professionalism and efficiency.Secondly,the empirical analysis of the antecedent process of group self-stereotype shows that:(1)Positive group meta-stereotypes can promote group self-stereotypes and enhance employees' perceived customer respect and positive social status awareness.However,group meta-stereotype and perceived customer respect have no significant impact on employees' negative social status perception;(2)There is a positive interaction between positive social status cognition and self-stereotype of professional competence,but the causal relationship between positive social status cognition and professional integrity is not significant.Negative interaction exists between negative social status cognition and group self-stereotype in terms of professional integrity and professional competence;(3)Perceived customer respect and positive social status cognition play a multiple mediating role between group meta-stereotypes and self-stereotypes.Thirdly,the empirical study on the functionary mechanism of self-stereotype among hotel employees shows that:(1)The professional integrity of the inner group perceived by the employees rather than the professional competence can promote their willingness to stay and restrain their work insecurity;(2)The dimensions of professional integrity and professional competence of group self-stereotypes have a significant positive impact on employees' career prospects and job well-being;(3)Employees' perception of career prospects in the hotel industry helps to enhance their sense of job happiness and willingness to stay,while job insecurity inhibits their sense of job happiness and willingness to stay;(4)The sense of job insecurity and the perception of career prospects,together with work well-being,play a multiple mediating role between group self-stereotypes and individual employees' willingness to stay;(5)Group meta-stereotypes play a positive moderating role in the relationship among group self-stereotypes,employees' perception of career prospects and job well-being,but the direct moderating effect between group self-stereotypes and employees' job insecurity is not significant.The innovations and contributions of this research mainly include:(1)Through the qualitative analysis of customer review texts,the paper puts forward the content structure and measurement indicators of hotel employees' group stereotypes,which provides a specific measurement tool for the measurement of hotel employees' group stereotypes;(2)This study empirically examines the antecedent mechanism of hotel employees' group self-stereotype,and explains the internal psychological process mechanism of group meta-stereotype on self-stereotype;(3)This study attempts to establish and test the interaction mechanism between occupational social status cognition and group self-stereotype;(4)This study introduced internal group stereotypes into the research of hotel employees' career decision-making behavior.Taking career prospect perception,job insecurity and job well-being as mediating variables,this paper examines the functionary mechanism of group self-stereotype on employees' willingness to stay,and provides a new theoretical perspective for the study of hotel employees' willingness to stay.