Study On Sustainable Evaluation And Development Model Of Comprehensive Tourism In Shandong Province

The report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party pointed out that socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era,and the main contradiction in our society has been transformed into contradiction between the people's growing needs for a better life and the development of inadequate and unbalanced development.As the first step of the "happiness industry",tourism is an important symbol of the improvement of people's living standards and a higher level of people's pursuit of a happy and beautiful life.With the transformation of major social contradiction,China's tourism industry is also facing a structural change.The traditional group sightseeing tour has been replaced by the mass tourism.The tourism development model characterized by grasping points is difficult to adapt to the need of the current tourism market.The transformation and upgrading of the tourism industry urgently require the guidance of innovative development concepts.In this context,the Ministry of Culture and Tourism proposed “comprehensive tourism” as the overall strategy and development concept of China's tourism development during the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” period.The tourism destination will be planned and managed as a large scenic spot,and the goal of promoting coordinated economic and social development by tourism will be realized.Once the whole world tourism was put forward,it attracted the attention of all parties and quickly rose to the national strategy.In 2016,General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly pointed out during the investigation in Ningxia: “The road to develop comprehensive tourism is right,we must persist.” Shandong Province is one of the seven national comprehensive tourism demonstration provinces in the country,and it is a case study for the whole region.The sustainable development research can not only provide decision-making basis and evaluation reference for the construction of the comprehensive tourism demonstration zone in Shandong Province,but also provide guidance for other provinces and municipalities to implement the comprehensive tourism development strategy in a certain sense.The thesis consists of seven parts: The first part is the introduction,which mainly expounds the research background,research significance,research ideas,research objectives,research content,research methods and technical routes of the topic selection,and explains the innovation of the thesis.The second part is the research progress and theoretical basis at home and abroad.It mainly reviews the comprehensive tourism research at home and abroad,and analyzes the complex system theory,industrial integration theory,life cycle theory,sustainable development theory and regional economics related theories and the whole world,as well as the connection of tourism ideas.The third part is the general framework of the comprehensive tourism sustainability assessment.It systematically sorts out the relevant concepts and connotations,summarizes the typical characteristics of the comprehensive tourism sustainable development system,and builds the basic framework of the comprehensive tourism sustainability assessment.The fourth part is the development history of tourism and the current status of comprehensive tourism in Shandong Province.It mainly analyzes the development stage of tourism and the development status of comprehensive tourism in Shandong Province by combining qualitative and quantitative methods.The fifth part is the sustainability assessment and Influencing factor of comprehensive tourism in Shandong Province.It mainly uses quantitative research methods to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of sustainable comprehensive tourism development in the 17 cities of Shandong Province,and analyzes the Influencing factor for the evolution of the sustainable comprehensive tourism development system in Shandong Province from internal perspective and external driving.The sixth part is the construction and guarantee measures of the sustainable development model of comprehensive ourism in Shandong Province.It mainly proposes five sustainable comprehensive tourism development models in Shandong Province and the corresponding safeguard measures.The seventh part is the conclusion and outlook,summarizing the full text and pointing out the shortcomings and prospects.Through the systematic research of the above seven parts,the paper mainly draws the following conclusions:(1)Established a general framework for comprehensive tourism sustainability assessment.From the perspective of comprehensive integration of geography,it is proposed that the comprehensive tourism not only has regional characteristics,but also has time and space attributes.Its essence is the endogenous growth of the chain tourism industry caused by the expansion of tourism space and capacity expansion.Based on the theory of sustainable development and complex system theory,the framework of comprehensive tourism sustainability assessment and analysis is constructed from the three dimensions of tourism economy,society and ecological environment.The three subsystems are connected and interact with each other,mutually promoting and mutually restricting each other.The relationship is complex and tends to be orderly,showing the coupling relationship of antagonism,synergy and compatibility,with typical characteristics such as integrity,regionality,openness and hierarchy.(2)Analyzed the development stage of tourism in Shandong Province.By using the growth curve model,output growth rate method and qualitative judgment method to analyze the history and stage division of tourism development in Shandong Province,it is concluded that the tourism development stage of Shandong Province has just entered the development period,and the tourism market is still at the primary stage of mass tourism.At this stage,the industrial function is mainly to improve the quality of life.The development of tourism resources presents a comprehensive development stage characterized by networked development.The tourism administrative function focuses on the comprehensive coordination function,and the analysis conclusions are consistent with the characteristics of the stage of comprehensive tourism.(3)Analyzed the current situation of comprehensive tourism development in Shandong Province.This paper analyzes the development status of comprehensive tourism in Shandong Province from the aspects of basic conditions analysis,tourism resource analysis and industrial support analysis of tourism development in Shandong Province.In terms of basic conditions,superior geographical location,four distinct seasons of climate,convenient traffic conditions,diverse geomorphology and hydrology,and a strong economic base and social environment have created favorable conditions for the development of comprehensive tourism in Shandong Province.In terms of tourism resources,the number of A-level scenic spots in Shandong Province has exploded with the promotion of global tourism.The hierarchical structure of the scenic spot presents two small and medium-sized spindle structures,which is in line with the development law of the tourism market.The hierarchical structure of the Alevel scenic spots tends to be reasonable.In terms of industrial support,during the period from the formation period to the development period of tourism industry in Shandong Province,the level of tourism space structure has evolved from a low-level stage to an advanced stage.The spatial structure type is characterized by “the coexistence of polar nuclear development and point-axis development-the development of point axis-the development of point axis and the coexistence of network development,the level of tourism and three industries integration shows that: third industry > primary industry > secondary industry.(4)Analyzed the sustainability and Influencing factor of comprehensive tourism in Shandong Province.From 1998 to 2017,the sustainable development level and system coupling and coordination of tourism in Shandong Province increased steadily,but the coupling degree has been in the low-level coupling stage.The coupling coordination degree has evolved from severe imbalance to mild imbalance,and the performance characteristics of coupling coordination level.Presenting the tourism economic subsystem hinders the development of social subsystems and ecological environment subsystems.It is predicted that the system coupling coordination level in the next five years will achieve a staged breakthrough.From the perspective of the evolution of time and space characteristics of the seventeen cities,the level of sustainable development and system coupling of the whole city has increased significantly,and the degree of coupling tends to shrink.The spatial distribution pattern of coupling has evolved from scattered to concentrated distribution.The level of regional differences tends to expand.Tourism resources,tourism market,location transportation,informationization,economic development and macroeconomic policies are important Influencing factor for the evolution of the sustainable tourism development system in Shandong Province.The importance of every Influencing factor shows that: informatization>tourism market>industrial policy>location traffic>tourism resources>economic development.(5)Proposed the sustainable development model and safeguard measures for comprehensive tourism in Shandong Province.On the basis of analyzing and constructing the ideas and principles of the sustainable comprehensive tourism development model of Shandong Province,combined with the analysis of the sustainable comprehensive tourism development system of Shandong Province,the author puts forward the leading scenic spots around the tourism economic subsystem,social subsystem and ecological environment subsystem.The five kinds of sustainable comprehensive tourism development models in Shandong include: the main resources and the characteristics of the region as it's drive,the development of the whole area as the main focus,the whole area of the city as the main radiation together with the deep integration of the cultural and tourism.Case studies are conducted through some areas with typical characteristics.Finally,from the aspects of institutional mechanism,policy system,infrastructure,information technology,etc.,the safeguard measures for implementing the sustainable development model of tourism in Shandong Province are proposed.The innovations of this paper are mainly reflected in the following three aspects:(1)From the perspective of comprehensive integration of geography,the theories related to geography,tourism,economics and other disciplines are placed under a research framework.On the one hand,it is proposed that the comprehensive tourism not only has regional characteristics,but also has time and space attributes,the essence of which is due to the tourism space.The endogenous growth of the chain tourism industry caused by domain expansion and capacity expansion has theoretically enriched the concept and connotation of comprehensive tourism.On the other hand,the research methods,ideas and means of regional sustainable development are introduced into the comprehensive tourism sustainability assessment research,with the regional sustainable development theory and tourism system theory as the core,and constructed from the three dimensions of tourism economy,society and ecological environment.The comprehensive tourism sustainability assessment analysis framework complements the theoretical foundation of global tourism sustainable development.(2)In terms of practical research,on the one hand,the selected research area is one of the founding units of the national provincial-level tourism demonstration zone,with typicality and representativeness,which makes the research results create work for other provincial-level comprehensive tourist areas,and realize the whole domain.Tourism sustainable development has more guiding significance and reference value.On the other hand,based on the evaluation results,five kinds of global tourism sustainable development models are summarized,which are not only applicable to the development of tourism in Shandong Province and various cities,but also have certain reference value for other similar areas.(3)In terms of research methods,on the one hand,using the interdisciplinary research method of geography and tourism economics,the comprehensive tourism sustainability evaluation index system is constructed,which solves the problem of quantitative analysis of regional tourism-driven regional coordinated development.And research has become more operative.On the other hand,the quantitative analysis methods such as growth curve model and output growth rate method are combined with qualitative analysis methods such as empirical judgment to cross-validate the judgment of tourism development in Shandong Province,and the conclusions obtained are more objective.In addition,the statistical analysis and spatial statistical analysis are unified,the driving mechanism and influencing factors are accurately expressed,and the temporal and spatial processes and pattern evolution are visually revealed,which enriches the methods and methods of global tourism research and presents a unique research perspective.This paper argues that the shortcomings of this study and the spatial manifestations of further research in the future should be:(1)This study is an analysis of the three aspects of tourism economy,society and ecological environment from the perspective of regional sustainable development,but the theoretical thinking of the lack of micro-units.In the future,we should further enrich the theoretical system of comprehensive tourism sustainable development based on different scales,so as to better provide theoretical support for global tourism practice.(2)In the study of the index system,although social and ecological environment related indicators closely related to tourism are selected as much as possible,due to the universality of social and ecological environment indicators,it is difficult to separate the tourism-related indicators from it,so it leads to ideals.There are still gaps in the indicator system.In the future,we should consider further improving the indicator system and enhancing the accuracy of the research results.(3)This study is mainly based on the creation of units in the comprehensive tourism dmonstration province.Based on the mesoscale scale,it conducts empirical research from the provincial and municipal level units.In the process of research,there is a lack of similar provincial-level comparison in the horizontal direction,and there is no deep-seated tourism in the vertical direction.The first-line positions of practice(counties,districts,and villages)make the operability of the research conclusions to be further improved.In the future,we can further expand the scope of research scales and build a comprehensive tourism sustainability assessment system at macro,meso and micro scales to improve the guiding significance and reference value of research conclusions.