Research On The Balance Between "Production-based" Contribution And Payment Of Basic Endowment Insurance

Since the establishment of the public pension system,the contribution of pension is usually based on the number of employees,then according to a certain proportion of the average wage or gross wage.In recent years,with the deepening of aging population and the trend of technology substitution for labor force,the contradiction of disequilibrium between contribution and payment of basic endowment insurance is increasingly prominent.Therefore,how to expand sources of endowment insurance funds,realize the equilibrium between contribution and payment of basic endowment insurance,while ensure the economic operation efficiency has become a key issue for endowment insurance system sustainable development.However,according to international experience,as the mainstream way of international responds to basic endowment insurance disequilibrium,there are some limitations in raising the contribution rate of basic endowment insurance,delaying retirement age and reducing the pension adjustment index.For this reason,from the perspective of sharing all factors of production in the payment of endowment insurance,this paper takes the equilibrium between production-based contribution and payment of basic endowment insurance the core research content,in order to achieve the sustainable development of the endowment insurance system to provide a new perspective and new ideas.The paper adheres to the theoretical derivation and the principle of combining the empirical test to deduce the basic theory of equilibrium of output-based pension contribution under the framework of Romer Model,and constructs a dynamic equilibrium model covering knowledge production,product production and family,then giving the reason for taking the output as pension contribution base by combining with the empirical test.And based on the theory of equilibrium of output-based pension contribution,we answered how to measure the degree of equilibrium of outputbased pension contribution mode.In addition to this,on the basis of simulated and quantitative evidence,the social and economic effects of output-based pension contribution mode are tested,and the superiority of this mode compared with the current mode is answered.This paper consists of ten chapters: the first chapter introduces the background and significance of this paper,and on the basis of reviewing the literature,sorts out the innovation points and shortcomings of this paper.The second chapter is theoretical basis,it mainly introduces the basic theory of endowment insurance and the theory of sharing all elements of endowment insurance,which lays the theoretical foundation for the theoretical derivation and empirical research in the following chapters.The third chapters are the theoretical basis and current situation analysis of this paper.The theoretical basis mainly introduces the basic theory of pension and the theory of all production factors bear the pension contribution responsibility together,explores the current situation of basic endowment insurance contribution and payment equilibrium,and lays a theoretical foundation for the theoretical derivation and empirical test of the following chapters.The fourth chapter is the theoretical basis and core of this paper.In this chapter,Romer Model is taken as the theoretical framework.At the same time,knowledge and technological progress factors are incorporated into the model.And it can be deduced that under the wage-based pension contribution mode,technological progress causes marginal decrease in labor demand,which is not conducive to the realization of equilibrium.Contrary to that,in the mode of output-based contribution,the marginal increase of total output due to technological progress is beneficial to the realization of equilibrium.Based on that,this chapter put forward the equilibrium degree model of output-based pension contribution and analyzes the total equilibrium between contribution and payment under the outputbased pension contribution mode.On the basis of the general equilibrium research and through theoretical derivation and simulation prediction,the chapter five to seven empirically tested the equilibrium between urban and rural area,different provinces and different industries of output-based pension contribution and payment.Chapter eight uses measurement method to test the linkage effect of industrial structure optimization,employment structure optimization in urban and rural area and technological innovation,and to test the decoupling effect of aging population and pension contribution mode.The chapter nine and ten is based on the foregoing,put forward the corresponding adjustment path,realization mechanism and suggestions.Therefore,this paper not only involves the theoretical derivation of economics,but also covers a variety of empirical test modules.This paper core conclusions include: firstly,compared with the wage-based pension contribution mode,the production-based contribution mode of basic endowment insurance is more conducive to realizing the equilibrium between contribution and payment.Secondly,compared with wage-based contribution mode,production-based contribution mode is more conducive to realizing the sharing of pension contribution responsibility between urban and rural areas.Thirdly,compared with the wage-based contribution mode,production-based contribution mode can increase the pension contribution equilibrium degree of labor-intensive and capital technology intensive industry.At the same time,it also proves the sharing of pension contribution responsibility between labor-intensive and capital technology intensive industries.Fourthly,compared with the wage-based contribution mode,production-based contribution mode is more advantageous to reduce regional disparities of pay-as-you-go contribution.Under output-based pension contribution mode,the concentration degree,extreme value coefficient and the unbalanced index between contribution amount and economy of basic endownment insurance contribution amount decreased from 2010 to 2015.Fifthly,compared with the wage-based contribution mode,the production-based contribution mode has a stronger linkage effect of industrial structure optimization,employment structure optimization in urban and rural areas and technological innovation,and it also has a stronger decoupling effect of aging population and pension contribution mode.Therefore,it is able to adapt to the need of current economic structure transformation strongly.This paper core innovations include: the first is to calculate and forecast the general and partial equilibrium of production-based contribution mode more systematically by using the actual data.And on the basis of predecessors' research results,further simulating and testing the equilibrium degree of general,urban and rural areas,different industries and different provinces and so on.The second is by means of theoretical derivation,further consolidating the economic theory foundation of all production factors should bear the pension contribution responsibility together.In this paper,the theory of all production factors should bear the pension contribution responsibility together theory is enriched by deducing under the Romer Model,the trend of technology substitution for the labor force and from the perspective of employers.Therefore,it is better answer why to carry out the output-based pension contribution mode.The third is to combine with the actual economic development,from the urban and rural structure,industrial structure and regional structure to further enrich the theory of all production factors should bear the pension contribution responsibility together,and expand the applicability of the above theory.Fourthly,based on the measurement method and actual data,the social and economic effects of outputbased pension contribution mode are systematically empirically tested.