| With the rapid development of globalization and urbanization,food security,economic development and ecological protection have become global strategic issues related to the sustainable development of human society.In 2018,in order to solve China's territorial spatial planning overlaps,development disorder,ecological damage and other problems,the newly established Ministry of Natural Resources unified the responsibility of all territorial and spatial use control,and the "three types of spatial zones and alert-lines" has become core of the territorial spatial planning zoning and use control.As a large mountainous country,China has a complex relationship between human and land,significant regional differences,and highly complex territorial spatial functions,which is the main control area of the national ecological redline.The Taihang Mountain region is a typical earth-rock mountainous area in northern China.It is also a highly overlapping area of national poverty-stricken areas and ecologically vulnerable areas.It is in the period of rapid urbanization and industrial development.But for a long time,restricted by the natural background and unreasonable human development activities,the development and protection of territorial space are facing serious challenges.In this context,exploring and establishing theories and methods of mountainous territorial space optimization has become an important topic for the sustainable development of mountainous areas.According to the logical of "research framework-empirical research",this research constructed a territorial space research framework,revealed the evolution characteristics of territorial spatial pattern,diagnosed territorial space conflicts,carried out simulation and optimization of territorial spatial pattern.We also demonstrated territorial spaceand puts forward the enhancement path of territorial space.So as to provide a scientific reference basis for establishing the theory and method system of territorial space optimization suitable for the characteristics of mountainous areas.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)From 1980 to 2015,there are significant differences in the territorial space of Taihang Mountain region,urban space is concentrated in the administrative center of each city,agricultural space is mainly distributed in the foothills and basins,and the ecological space is distributed in the high-altitude mountain areas.During the past 35 years,with the significant expansion of urban space,the agricultural production space and ecological space have been greatly reduced.The change of territorial space type is based on the topography with an altitude of 1000 m and a slope of 15° as the threshold.The urban space below the threshold gradually decreases with the rise of terrain,while the agricultural space gradually increases,and the ecological space above the threshold increases most significantly.At the same time,the areas change of territorial space types in the landforms are represented by the plateaus,plains,and medium and high undulating mountains.(2)Based on the driving force of Geodetector,the evolution of territorial spatial pattern is the result of comprehensive action of natural factors,social economy,traffic location and national policy.Among them,natural conditions are the basic determining conditions,traffic location is an important driving force,social economy is the main driving force,and national policy is the external driving force.Specifically,the transformation from ecological space to agricultural space is mainly driven by the increase of agricultural production factor input and the improvement of agricultural production efficiency;The transformation of agricultural space to ecological space is mainly affected by the terrain complexity and poor traffic location,and the attraction of urbanization.The transformation of agricultural space to urban space is mainly affected by the population agglomeration scale and economic development;the national policy mainly promotes the expansion of ecological space by implementing the "returning farmland to forest" and "Closing Hillsides for afforestation" projects in the ecologically vulnerable areas.(3)As far as the territorial space conflict is concerned,the territorial spatial pattern conflict is manifested as an unreasonable spatial structure and obvious regional differences in the scale of the conflict.In the major function zone,it is manifested as key ecological function area> agricultural production zones > key development zones.The conflicts of territorial space utilization function are manifested in the shrinking population of some towns,imbalance of water and land resources,low level of territorial space utilization,and potential risk of vegetation by man-made.(4)In terms of territorial space simulation and optimization,the FLUS model with improved neighborhood weights is used to simulate the territorial spatial pattern of Taihang Mountain region in 2030 under the scenarios of natural growth,urbanization development and comprehensive development.Then the territorial spatial conflict zone under multiple scenarios is adjusted by superimposing the results of "double evaluation",which makes the optimized territorial spatial pattern more compact and complete in terms of landscape index.The above study found that the development scenario of urbanization can better realize the development and protection of territorial space in Taihang Mountain region,which is the best optimization scheme of territorial space.(5)The promotion of territorial space function should adhere to the problemoriented,around the combination and matching of "man-water-land" elements in the human land system,and according to the principles of efficiency priority,giving consideration to fairness and policy guarantee,it is specifically implemented from five aspects: guidance of dominant functionanl areas,strengthening the construction of key cities and towns,improvement of water and land resource utilization,coordinating the utilization of territorial space in urban and rural areas,and promoting the renovation of rural construction land. |
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