Research On Production And Demand In Das Kapital

Based on the text of Das Kapital and taking the production and demand in Das Kapital as the research object,this thesis explains the original attributes of production and demand and their relationship in Das Kapital,and reveals the alienation of the original attributes of production and demand and their relationship under the capitalist mode of production.This thesis scientifically and concretely demonstrates the alienation of the original attributes of production and demand and their relationship under different conditions in Das Kapital,including the purpose of value proliferation,the declining trend of value proliferation and social reproduction,thus clarifying the internal reason and inevitability of production exceeding demand under the capitalist mode of production.On the basis of fully affirming theoretical criticism of production determining demand in classical political economics by Das Kapital,this thesis proves that Das Kapital criticizes not production determining demand,but production determining demand cannot be realized in capitalist society,that is,production determining demand can only be realized in the future ideal society(communist society).The research in this thesis explains the contradiction between productiveness and production relations in capitalist society,which is the decisive factor of the contradiction between production and demand in capitalist society.The core theoretical tools in this thesis are labor theory of value,surplus-value theory,average profit margin theory and social reproduction theory.The research of production and demand in Das Kapital includes 7 chapters in this thesis.Chapter 1 is the introduction,which focuses on the research background and significance,research status at home and abroad,research ideas and methods,as well as innovations and deficiencies.The research background is divided into historical background,discipline background and era background,including the wrong understanding of the relationship between production and demand under capitalist private ownership in classical economics,the previous scholars' one-sidedness understanding of relevant views in Das Kapital,and the close connection between the basic social contradictions of China in the new era and the research on production and demand in Das Kapital.The research significance is divided into theoretical significance and practical significance,including a concrete and historical view of the real claim of the relationship between production and demand in Das Kapital,as well as a correct understanding and proper handling of the major contradictions of Chinese society in the new era.The research status at home and abroad mainly expounds the different viewpoints of relevant scholars at home and abroad on the relationship between production and demand.With The founding of the people's Republic of China as the starting point and the reform and opening up of China as the time node,the domestic research status expounds and evaluates the two viewpoints of production determining demand and demand determining production respectively.Based on the division of economics schools,the foreign research status elaborates and evaluates the relevant viewpoints of classical economics school,neoclassical economics school and Keynesian school respectively.The research thinking mainly clarifies the main research route of this thesis,and the research methods mainly introduce the application of historical materialism,dialectical materialism,normative research and literature research in this thesis.The innovations are research angle and direction,and the deficiency is the lack of literature possession and the balance between theory and practice.Chapter 2 is the original attributes of production and demand in Das Kapital,which focuses on the original attributes of production in Das Kapital,the original attributes of demand in Das Kapital,and the original nature of the relationship between production and demand in Das Kapital.This thesis holds that production in Das Kapital belong to that category of productiveness,and concrete labor and abstract labor consumed by human production create the natural and social attributes of useful objects respectively,and production is limited only by factors of production and efficiency of use.This thesis holds that demand in Das Kapital belong to that category of production relations,and the human demand for useful things is always the demand for the use value of useful things,but the human demand for the use value of useful things must be realized through the ability to pay through the intermediary of the use value of useful things.This thesis holds that the original attribute of the relationship between production and demand in Das Kapital is that production determines demand,but the exchange with money as the medium shakes production determines demand,and capitalist private ownership of means of production cannot realize production determines demand.Chapter 3 is production and demand for value proliferation in Das Kapital,which focuses on the production for value proliferation in Das Kapital,the demand for value proliferation in Das Kapital,and the production exceeding the demand for value proliferation in Das Kapital.This thesis holds that production for the purpose of value multiplication is to produce use value for value,and the pursuit of value multiplication under capitalist mode of production will inevitably lead to unlimited expansion of use value production,while the exploitation degree of capitalist production to hire workers determines the multiplication degree of capitalist capital value.This thesis holds that the total wealth value created by social production determines the overall demand ability of society,and the distribution mode of wealth value determines the demand ability of social members.Therefore,under the capitalist private ownership of the means of production,the labor value determines the demand ability of hired workers,and the value of proliferation determines the demand ability of capitalists.This thesis holds that under the capitalist mode of production,the overall demand capacity of the whole society is created by the hired workers,while the exploitation of the added value by the capitalist mode of distribution limits the hired workers' demand capacity.The lack of demand that society has the ability to pay will inevitably lead to the imbalance between production and demand,which will destroy production and determine demand.Chapter 4 is production and demand under the declining trend of value proliferation in Das Kapital,which focuses on the production under the declining trend of value proliferation in Das Kapital,the demand under the declining trend of value proliferation in Das Kapital and the declining trend of value proliferation exacerbate the contradiction that production exceeds demand in Das Kapital.This thesis holds that the general law of capitalist mode of production that the degree of value multiplication tends to decline,which inevitably forces the expansion of production for the purpose of value multiplication and the increase of exploitation of value.This thesis holds that the decline of value proliferation will lead to the coexistence of the relative surplus population increased and labor depreciation,and the combined effect of the two will definitely reduce the overall demand capacity of the society.This thesis holds that the declining value multiplication aggravates the overproduction in the domestic market,which promotes capitalism to expand overseas markets,and at the same time,it inevitably leads the contradiction between production and demand imbalance to the whole world.Chapter 5 is production and demand under social reproduction in Das Kapital,which focuses on the regulation of production and demand under social reproduction in Das Kapital,the possibility of a balance between production and demand under social reproduction in Das Kapital,and the impossibility of a balance between production and demand under capitalist social reproduction in Das Kapital.This thesis holds that social reproduction requires production to realize both value compensation and material compensation,that is social reproduction requires the balance between total social production and total social demand.This thesis holds that the equilibrium condition of production and demand under the condition of social reproduction is barter exchange and social plan,but the capitalist mode of production and exchange exclude barter exchange and social plan,which can not achieve the balance of production and demand under the condition of social reproduction.Chapter 6 is the era value of the relationship between production and demand in Das Kapital,which focuses on the significance of the research on production and demand in Das Kapital to solve the relationship between production and demand in socialist society with Chinese characteristics in the new era.This thesis holds that the explanation of the balance between production and demand in Das Kapital is helpful to scientifically position the nature of production and demand of socialism with Chinese characteristics,that is positioning production with use value as the core and demand with people's needs as the core.This thesis holds that the criticism of capitalist relations of production hindering the balance between production and demand in Das Kapital lays the ideological and theoretical foundation for handling and solving the relationship between production and demand of socialism with Chinese characteristics,that is the ideological foundation of the people-centered and the theoretical foundation of productiveness and relations of production.This thesis holds that the criticism of the capitalist system destroying the demand of production decision in Das Kapital requires that the basic economic system with Chinese characteristics should be adhered to and improved in order to solve the relationship between production and demand of socialism with Chinese characteristics,that is the basic economic system of socialism with Chinese characteristics,such as public ownership as the main body and multiple ownership economies developing together,distribution according to work as the main body and multiple distribution modes coexisting,socialist market economic system.Chapter 7 is the conclusion,which focuses on the core meaning of the research on the relationship between production and demand in Das Kapital.This thesis holds that production determines demand not from the externalized viewpoint of Das Kapital,but from Das Kapital's criticism that capitalist private ownership destroys production determines demand.This thesis holds that Das Kapital's criticism of capitalist production relations has always been based on the principle of contradictory movement between productiveness and production relations,and production determines demand as the ideal state of our society,which will be realized through the establishment of production relations adapted to the development of productiveness.Therefore,to handle and solve the contradiction between the socialist production and demand with Chinese characteristics,we must always adhere to the socialist basic economic system with Chinese characteristics.