| Interpersonal/social power is one of the most popular research topics in applied social psychology but has been neglected in sport-related research in Taiwan. The success of research on power bases in sports first hinges on the development of a reliable and valid instrument that can be used to measure the desired construct. Unfortunately, no existing tool assessing power bases in sports can be found in Taiwan.{09}Hence, the purpose of this study was to develop a sport-specific scale, named the Coach Power Base Inventory (CPBI), to assess coaches' legitimate, coercive, reward, referent, expert, and informational powers in Taiwan.{09}The sub-problems of this study were to assess: (a) the content and face validity of the CPBI, (b) the construct validity of the CPBI, (c) the criterion-related validity of the CPBI, (d) the internal consistency reliability of the CPBI, and (e) the test-retest reliability of the CPBI.; The procedure of scale development followed the guideline suggested by Hinkin (1995) and DeVellis (2003), including the stages of. (a) item generation, (b) scale development, and (c) scale evaluation. At the stage of item generation, 54 items were generated to form the initial CPBI and a panel of experts was utilized to review the fact and content validity of the collected items.; As for scale development, a pilot study with 45 high school male baseball players was conducted and two months later, the same players were surveyed again. By using SPSS 13.0, the data collected from the pretest and the retest were analyzed through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient in order to evaluate the construct validity and the test-retest reliability of the CPBI as well as serve as a basis of scale revision. The final CPBI consists of 18 items with a five-point Likert scale format measuring six power bases of baseball coaches in Taiwan.; Regarding scale evaluation, 373 Division I collegiate baseball players in Taiwan completed and returned the research questionnaires, consisting of the final CPBI, the scales of players' satisfaction with and compliance to the head coaches, and demographics.{09}For data analysis, LISREL 8.53 was utilized to perform confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for the verification of the construct validity of the CPBI. SPSS 13.0 was used to perform Cronbach's reliability alpha coefficient and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient in order to evaluate the internal consistency reliability and the criterion-relate validity of the CPBI, respectively.; The results of CFA showed that the six-factor model fit the data and was superior to the five-factor model, indicating good construct validity of the CPBI. Meanwhile, the internal consistency reliability of the overall CPBI was satisfactory, and the relationships between power bases and criterion variables appeared as expected, showing good criterion-related validity.{09}To conclude, the CPBI was a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the six power bases possessed by the Division I collegiate baseball head coaches and can be utilized as a psychometrically sound scale for research on coaches' power bases in sports in Taiwan. |
