| The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the effect of exercise (fitness levels) on stress and self-efficacy, and the impact stress and self-efficacy had on job satisfaction and absenteeism. A total of 302 mortgage/banking employees throughout Southern California completed a self-report survey on physical activity, stress, self-efficacy, and job satisfaction. Absenteeism rates, over a three month period, were compared to the fitness level of each participant. The participants also completed a fitness assessment measuring body composition, muscular strength, flexibility, and cardiovascular endurance. Predictive Analysis Software (PASW) version 18 for Windows, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS) was used to determine the relationship between the constructs. An alpha level of p<0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. The findings revealed some mixed results between the direct and indirect models. Exercise was found to increase stress in the direct model, and decrease stress in the indirect model. Exercise also decreased self-efficacy in the direct model, and increased self-efficacy in the indirect model. Stress was found to increase absenteeism and decrease job satisfaction in both models. Self-efficacy decreased absenteeism in both models, and although the results were not statistically significant, self-efficacy increased job satisfaction in both models. This study has determined that higher levels of fitness may have a positive influence on employees and their job related outcomes. These findings add to the notion and importance of implementing health and wellness programs within organizations. |
