Feminist consciousness, voice, and empowerment: Women's Studies in Hawai'i

This dissertation investigates the impact of Women's Studies classes and programs on women adult learners in the University of Hawai'i system on O'ahu with regards to feminist consciousness, voice, empowerment, and identity. I pay special attention to feminist methodological questions as well as my own location as a white researcher from the university researching and interpreting the narratives of (mostly) women of color in Hawai'i. Feminism, feminist consciousness and voice are examined through a variety of cultural practices and ethnic lenses. The concept of feminist consciousness is most usefully used as a process, including, but also moving beyond a basic awareness of gender discrimination and stereotypes. Voice and feminist languages are identified in a variety of ways beyond participation in class, allowing for classroom community and feminist pedagogy to play significant roles in voice creation and use. Power and empowerment as facilitated by Women's Studies classes are at the forefront of major life changes for the participants in this study. They provide a springboard for self-definition and self-determination, enabling significant intellectual outcomes. I also examine identity and the (re)production of self, in conjunction with feminist consciousness and empowerment, as processes. There are racial and ethnic differences in the understanding of identity, especially in Hawai'i, where colonialism continues to play a role in history and society. The reexamination of their roles as wives/girlfriends, daughters, and mothers is particularly reflective of the sense of agency the participants discussed after having taken a Women's Studies class. Indeed, these, along with many others comprise the specific effects of Women's Studies classes on women adult learners. The conclusion suggests possible methods for further study of the topic. It also offers suggestions as to how Women's Studies programs in Hawai'i could further expand their reach and influence on their students.