The Research On Traffic Safety Emergence Management System Based On Risk Coupling

China has been experiencing dynamic urbanization and motorization due to rapid economic growth. As a result of these dynamic changes in the economy, road transport infrastructure development and motorization, road traffic accidents have become a more severe problem in China. To find out its cause, firstly, we are facing a more perplexed and uncertain traffic environment due to extreme weather and adverse road condition in China. However, neither collision warning management nor emergency response mechanism to counter risk sources is sound yet in China. Secondly, emergency-rescue project in China is still in its infancy now. There is not an effective and sound rescue system. Besides, though there are some independent researches such as studies with regard to macro-organizational structure and isolated system, in-depth study concerning concrete problems of emergency rescue system is absent. Thirdly, traffic risk management is at the very core of traffic safety which is also central to emergency management system construction.Traffic control is at risk all the time due to its complexity and uncertainty. Hence, risk identification is the origin of traffic safety management. To identify factors associated with traffic accidents is crucial. Generally speaking, a single factor will not lead to serious system fault. Instead, man-vehicle-road combinations are likely to affect the traffic accidents when multi-factors inter-act. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the interplay and coupling between each risk factors in order to raise the risk management level.Scholars throughout the world have probed into the occurrence, development mechanism and evolution mechanism of traffic risk while the coupling mechanism in evolution mechanism has been little touched. However, traffic risk factors are always in complicated nonlinear coupling process. Thus, it is basic to figure out the coupling and decoupling mechanism of traffic risk and the inherent law of underlying incentives.The study will add knowledge on understanding what inherent factors contribute to the occurrence of traffic accidents from the man-vehicle-road-management coupling process. Then we will construct traffic emergency management system based on risk coupling process. Moreover, we will analyze the operating mechanism of the system which has both the practical sense and theatrical value.The study is organized in nine chapters. Specifically, Chapter one gives the background of the study, problem statement and states the main objective of the study, it also highlights ways of investigating issues in relation to the study.Chapter two elaborates the definition, essential factors involved, structure, function, characteristics and objective of the traffic emergency management system. The emergency management system, which projects purpose, integrity, hierarchy, environment-compatibility and relativity, is an integrated organizational structure containing resources and facilities in order to implement traffic hazard control and management. In particular, factors of the system are as follows: the subject (Administration of Public Security and Transportation), the object (the traffic incident), the supporting system and capital. Besides, there are two subsystems involved which are forewarning administrative subsystem and emergency management subsystem. On one hand, we can inspect, diagnose and fore-control the traffic incident before it happens. On the other hand, once the traffic accident occurs, we can adopt proper relief measures immediately, in order to drawdown the casualty and damage to the lowest and restore the traffic to normal state in the shortest time.Chapter three presents the statistic analyses of traffic risk factors based on document metrology. Then, we analyze the correlations between those factors by use of interpretive structural modeling. Accordingly, we find out surface layer factors, middle layer factors and inner layer factors of traffic safety.Chapter four presents the effect and inter-act process of traffic risk coupling. We firstly explore the Value-at-Risk and level-of-dangerous in combination of man-vehicle-road-management factors and then examine the decoupling mechanism from the angle of "strong-coupling" mechanism.Chapter five constructs a traffic emergency management system based on risk coupling. It presents the architecture model, frame design and operating environment design. It elaborates the system function module design based on demand analysis. Afterwards, we analyze some crucial factors in the system design.Chapter six establishes the purchase and recovery model of emergency management based on the minimum-cost principle. Accordingly, there are recovery cost and social cost when switching on emergency management procedure.Chapter seven explores the operation of traffic emergency management system based on risk coupling containing organizational operation and system mechanism. The organizational operation pertains to organization structure and forewarning plan. The system mechanism illustrates information monitoring, data processing, system decision-making, information issue, coordination and etc.Chapter eight gives an empirical study on traffic emergency management system of Shanghai World Expo. We can see that an appropriate organization, a matured forewarning plan and an intelligent traffic system are crucial.Finally chapter nine contains the final discussion, conclusions and recommendations.