Study On The Influence Of Co-Agglomeration Of Producer Service Industry And Manufacturing Industry On Haze Pollution

Since the reform and opening-up,the factor-driven and investment-driven policy has created a "miracle of China" that has attracted worldwide attention.However,the high growth of China's economy is at the cost of high energy consumption and high emissions.The superposition effect of high energy consumption and low energy efficiency has led to the large-scale deterioration of the ecological environment.Especially in recent years,haze pollution occurs willfully and frequently,which seriously has threatened the steady operation of social economy and the physical and mental health of the general population.However,with the deepening of economic and social development,in the transitional period China's economy has begun to show new characteristics at different stages.Among them,the phenomenon of industrial convergence is particularly prominent.Currently,instead of constantly assembling processes in the geographical space of a single industry,industrial agglomeration involves related industry co-agglomeration,such as more highly concentrated producer services,the more developed the manufacturing industry is.In addition,with the deepening of economic globalization and international division of labor,the co-operation of producer services and manufacturing has become an important trend in global economic development.It is also the only way to build the high-end manufacturing industry and modern service industry in China.Under this background,it is of great practical significance to explore the impact of synergistic agglomeration of producer services and manufacturing industry on haze pollution.This paper takes the co-agglomeration of producer services and manufacturing industry as a breakthrough point,breaks through the restriction of single industry agglomeration perspective,and discusses and tests the mechanism and effect of co-agglomeration of producer services and manufacturing industry on haze pollution in China from the perspective of industrial and spatial correlation.At last,it also puts forward some suggestions for China to break down the ratchet effect of industry and realize the control of haze pollution.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)The paper has calculated and decomposed the regional differences of haze pollution intensity in China and tested its convergence.This paper pointed out that:(i)haze pollution intensity in China trends to significant regional differences and the theil index in eastern region is relatively high,central region is less high,west region is lower.The contribution rates of the three intra-regional differences is greater than that of inter-regional differences,and the main reason for the haze pollution intensity differences in China is unbalanced development of the three regions.(ii)From the overall aspect,the results show that there is obvious ? convergence,? convergence existing in China's haze pollution intensity distribution.The control variables like the haze dynamic accumulation effect,energy efficiency,motor vehicles,environmental regulation,urban heating and urbanization level have a significant impact on the convergence of the haze pollution intensity in China.(iii)From the region aspect,the results show that there are obvious ? convergence,? convergence and club convergence existing in the three areas.However,the convergence characteristics of different regions have nothing in common with each other and the significant degrees of control variables differ from each other.(2)This paper has calculated the relationship of industrial co-agglomeration,studied the evolution pattern of the association network of co-agglomeration,and analyzed the status,function,type and role of provinces in the association network of co-agglomeration.The results show that:(i)From the overall characteristics of the network,the total number and network density of China's inter-provincial co-agglomeration network show a trend of rise before fall,and the relationship of inter-provincial co-agglomeration has a significant network structure.(ii)From the characteristics of network centrality,only nine provinces have higher point centralities than average,six provinces have higher middle centralities than average,and nine provinces have higher proximity centralities than average.(iii)The provinces in Plate I and II are mainly concentrated in the regions around Bohai Sea,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta,where the economy is relatively developed,and manufacturing and productive services are very intensive.Four provinces of Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai and Guangdong fall in the first plate,playing the role of "net spillover plate",while Jiangsu,Shandong,Fujian and Zhejiang fall in the second plate,playing the role of "two-way spillover plate".Plates III and IV are mainly composed of provinces in the central and western regions.The provinces falling in Plate III are Hebei,Shanxi,Inner Mongolia,Heilongjiang,Hunan,Sichuan,Guizhou,Yunnan and Shaanxi,playing the role of "broker plate",while the remaining twelve provinces fall in Plate IV,playing the role of "main beneficiary plate".(3)This paper empirically examines the relationship between the co-agglomeration and haze pollution based on the perspective of industrial linkages.The results show that:(i)From the perspective of national level,the estimated coefficients of haze pollution by co-agglomeration,manufacturing efficiency improvement and their interaction terms are significantly negative,which indicate that the improvement of co-agglomeration level and manufacturing efficiency is helpful to alleviate haze pollution.At the same time,co-agglomeration can further reduce haze pollution by improving manufacturing efficiency.(ii)From the perspective of time-division level,the manufacturing efficiency and co-agglomeration level have not immediately visible negative effect on haze pollution,needing for an absorption and digestion process at the beginning,however,this turns to have a significant inhibitory effect as time goes by.(iii)From the perspective of regional level,co-agglomeration,manufacturing efficiency improvement and their interaction have greater mitigation effects on haze pollution in inland areas than those in coastal areas.(iv)From the perspective of industry level,the co-agglomeration of information transmission,computer service and software industry with manufacturing industry has a much higher inhibitory effect on haze pollution than that of the other four paired combinations.But at present,the level of co-agglomeration development between financial industry and manufacturing industry,real estate industry and manufacturing industry,scientific research,technical services and geological prospecting industry and manufacturing industry is not high,and it doesn't have a significant inhibition on haze pollution.(4)This paper analyzes the relationship between co-agglomeration and haze pollution based on the perspective of spatial relevance.The results show that:(i)Co-agglomeration can obviously improve the haze pollution.After deducting the outsourcing trade,the relationship between trade openness and haze pollution has a substantial change.(ii)The cross term of co-agglomeration and trade openness has negative effects on haze pollution.Trade openness can indirectly affect the effect of the negative externalities of industrial agglomeration on haze pollution by increasing the level of co-agglomeration.(iii)Time-division test shows that the co-agglomeration level has not immediately visible negative effect on haze pollution,needing for an absorption and digestion process at the beginning,however,this turns to have a significant inhibitory effect as time goes by.(iv)The influence of haze pollution from co-agglomeration and trade openness has the threshold effect,due to the mismatch of co-agglomeration and trade openness.Under the different level of trade openness,the co-agglomeration has heterogeneity to the regional haze pollution.Finally,based on the conclusions of this paper,the following policy suggestions are put forward:(i)It is helpful to hit the combination blow of pollution abatement and promote haze control model with multi-strategies;(ii)It is important to grasp the spatial correlation characteristics of industrial synergistic agglomeration and optimize the network structure of industrial synergistic agglomeration;(iii)It is beneficial to enhance knowledge spillover among associated industries and promote the efficiency of manufacturing industry;(iv)It is necessary to eliminate the "ratchet effect" of industry and realize the matching development of trade openness and industrial co-agglomeration.