| Since the reform and opening up,China's distinctive industrial agglomeration areas have been emerging,and the overall industrial economy has maintained a rapid growth trend.Industrial agglomeration has become an important engine to promote the development of the national economy.However,with the continuous expansion of industrial agglomeration scale and the continuous leap of economic aggregate to a new level,China's environmental pollution problems occur frequently,especially the "haze" weather sweeping across the country,which has a great impact on the healthy life of the broad masses of people and sustainable economic development.China is faced with the problem of regional environmental differences.There are many factors that affect the regional environmental differences.This paper attempts to reveal the reasons from the perspective of industrial agglomeration.The dynamic change of industrial agglomeration will produce positive and negative externalities on environmental pollution,so it will bring different effects on the environment.How to determine the optimal development model and realize the coordinated development between economy and environment-friendly is a major issue to be solved in the sustainable development of China's economy.As an important model to promote economic growth,industrial agglomeration has been widely concerned by academia and has become a hot topic in academic circles.In the research of the relationship between industrial agglomeration and environmental pollution,there is still some controversy whether the effect of industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution is resistance or assistance.Scholars have carried out a series of theoretical research and Exploration on this,but there is no consensus yet.In fact,China is vast in area and has obvious differences among regions.Different regions are different in market-oriented degree,economic development conditions,industrial agglomeration level and structure.Based on this,this paper intends to provide theoretical accumulation and basis for the establishment and improvement of China's regional industrial policy system and theoretical system by analyzing the influence of factors such as industrial agglomeration level,industrial agglomeration structure and spatial dependence on Industrial Agglomeration on the regional environmental pollution difference in China.Firstly,this paper reviews the theory and empirical research on the impact of industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution and the impact mechanism of industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution,and analyzes the current situation of industrial agglomeration and environmental pollution.Then,based on the North South trade and environment model and Ramsey model,this paper introduces the agglomeration function into the economic growth model to illustrate the impact of industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution Then,from the reality of China,this paper puts forward the corresponding theoretical hypothesis to be tested,and then from the level of industrial agglomeration,the structure of industrial agglomeration and the spatial dependence of industrial agglomeration to investigate the impact of environmental pollution,and makes an empirical study;finally,according to the research conclusions,this paper puts forward relevant policy suggestions.The conclusions are as follows:First,there are significant industrial and regional differences in China's industrial agglomeration.During the period of 2005-2017,the industrial agglomeration level of China's manufacturing industry has a large differentiation among industries,with 10 industries in the rising stage and 10 industries in the declining stage.By industry,the regional distribution of the industry has a certain stability,and the top four provinces in the industry concentration are basically consistent in each year.The specialization index and diversification index of industrial agglomeration show that from 2005 to2017,the level of specialization index of each province has changed greatly,and the provinces with obvious improvement of specialization index are Ningxia,Jiangxi,Qinghai,Jilin and Hunan.Compared with the specialization index,provinces with relatively high specialization agglomeration have relatively low degree of diversification.These regions gradually gather in the process of industrialization to form industrial agglomeration regions with large scale and high degree of specialization.Further research results show that industrial agglomeration has a cumulative effect,and the higher the level of agglomeration,the higher the level of industrial agglomeration.Second,there are significant differences in China's regional environmental quality,and there are signs of the elimination of regional differences.This paper uses the equal weight weighting method to construct the regional environmental pollution comprehensive index,and analyzes the differences of regional environmental pollution from different angles by using a variety of indicators.From the results of Theil index and logarithmic deviation mean decomposition,the influence of regional differences is higher and higher.In recent years,regional differences are the main factors affecting the overall differences of pollutant emission index.The results of kernel density estimation show that the polarization phenomenon has improved in recent years,and the regional differences have gradually reduced.The convergence characteristics of China's environmental pollution from two dimensions of time and space show that with the adjustment of industrial structure,the advancement of urbanization and the application of environmental protection technology,the environmental pollution of the whole country and the four major economic circles will reach their respective stable levels.Further comparison of the convergence coefficient of the whole country and the four major economic circles shows that the Sichuan Shanxi Chongqing economic circle is the largest and the longest The pollution in the economic circle of Sichuan,Shanxi and Chongqing will reach a stable level first.Generally speaking,both from the national level and regional level,their awareness of energy conservation and emission reduction is highly consistent.China's active environmental policy and regional joint prevention and treatment of environmental pollution also make the environmental pollution emissions have a trend of elimination over time.Third,whether from the overall or regional point of view,the impact of industrial agglomeration level and industrial agglomeration structure on environmental pollution is dynamic,and industrial agglomeration has a significant impact on environmental pollution.The results of the research on the level of industrial agglomeration and environmental pollution show that there is positive spatial correlation between regional environmental pollution,but considering the dynamic effect,it is found that the cumulative effect of the previous environmental pollution in the region aggravates the environmental pollution in this period.The change of environmental pollution in the adjacent areas in the last period will improve the environmental quality of the region in the current period.Generally speaking,the industrial agglomeration and the environment are related to the environment The relationship of pollution is inverted U-shaped.However,the results of group discussion show that the impact of industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution is heterogeneous.Low industry cluster,high population cluster group and low population cluster group have significant positive spatial spillover effect,while high industry cluster group has no spatial effect;the influence of industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution in Yangtze River Delta,pearl River Delta,Sichuan Shanxi Chongqing economic circle shows negative nonlinear relationship,while the impact of industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution is negative and non-linear,while the low industry cluster group,high population cluster group and low population cluster group have significant positive spatial spillover effect,while the high industry cluster group has no spatial The impact curve of industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution in Beijing Tianjin Hebei Economic Circle presents an inverted U-shaped curve.The relevant research on industrial agglomeration model and environmental efficiency shows that environmental efficiency presents significant spatial spillover effect.Under the dynamic spatial model,the time lag effect of environmental efficiency is positive.The improvement of environmental efficiency in the previous period helps to improve the level of environmental efficiency in the current period.The time lag effect is significantly negative.The improvement of environmental efficiency in neighboring provinces in the previous period will inhibit the growth of the province in the current period Environmental efficiency level.There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between industrial diversification agglomeration and environmental efficiency.The relationship between industrial specialization agglomeration,industrial competitive agglomeration and environmental efficiency will have different results due to sample selection or model selection.The regional results show that there are great differences in the impact of industrial specialization,diversification and competitive agglomeration on environmental efficiency in Beijing Tianjin Hebei,Yangtze River Delta,Pearl River Delta,Sichuan,Shanxi and Chongqing economic circle.Each region should adjust measures to local and timely conditions,and choose the appropriate industrial agglomeration mode to give full play to its positive effects and avoid its negative effects.Fourth,the environmental efficiency gap between industries is obvious,and there is a large space to improve the environmental efficiency.In general,China's manufacturing industry is dominated by low efficiency industries,with low environmental efficiency industries accounting for 75%.In the development of manufacturing industry,environmental efficiency needs to be improved.Through Malmquist index and its decomposition value,it is found that the change index of technological progress has a strong promoting effect on TFP index,and the growth of environmental efficiency of manufacturing industry is more from technological progress.From the perspective of the overall dynamic development of China's manufacturing industry,the average values of comprehensive technical efficiency,technical progress,pure technical efficiency,scale efficiency and total factor productivity of 20 industries are 1.086,0.759,1.064,1.02 and 0.824 respectively,and the technical progress has not reached the effective state.From the Perspective of the factors affecting the growth of industry environmental efficiency,technical progress is the most important growth factor Technological progress and scale factors will also promote the growth of environmental efficiency,but the growth rate is not as large as technological progress.Finally,based on theoretical deduction and empirical test,this paper considers that industrial agglomeration is an important factor affecting the regional differences of environmental pollution,but the control variables such as economic growth level,foreign direct investment,industrial structure,urbanization level,technology progress and energy consumption intensity influence the effect of industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution.Based on the above research conclusion,this paper proposes that the differentiation policy should be formulated in the process of industrial agglomeration development,and the industrial agglomeration should be kept within a reasonable scale.Meanwhile,regional joint prevention and control should be continued in the process of pollution control,and enterprises should be encouraged to introduce and learn advanced environmental protection technology,guide the development of high-end R&D and other high-value industries,reduce the total amount of pollution emission,and improve the environment The level of environmental efficiency can realize the coordinated and sustainable development of economy and environment. |
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