| Pilot Guidelines for low-carbon Community Construction and Strategy for Energy Production and Consumption Revolution(2016-2030)point out that green,clean,convenient and low-carbon development is the fundamental direction of rural energy development.In the 13th Five-Year Construction Plan of Comprehensive Control Project of Rock desertification in Karst Areas,it is clearly proposed that no less than 2.0×10~4km~2 will be planned to be controlled by 2020.By 2015,the land area of karst rock desertification has reached 2.25×10~4km~2 in south China,which has entered a critical period of consolidating the effectiveness of rock desertification control and reducing energy poverty.Therefore,it is urgent to carry out research on the rural energy structure and low-carbon community development mode of rock desertification control,which is of great significance to promote the construction of beautiful villages and rural revitalization in rock desertification areas.According to theory of natural geography theory and energy ladder,energy accumulation theory,and theory of optimal allocation of resources theory,in view of rocky desertification in the governance of rural energy consumption structure optimization mechanism,energy consumption structure,agricultural waste resources,pluralistic energy optimization mechanism,main body of responsibility and strategy,scientific problems such as low carbon community development model and demand of science and technology,In guizhou plateau mountainous area and Bijie-Salaxi,composition,once called zhenfengli,shi grasp karst area for research,6 points from 2017 to 2021 in three 25 administrative villages,671 households in the study area of nearly 2000people of rural energy consumption structure and low carbon community development mode of data investigation and data collection,using methods such as questionnaire survey,mathematical statistics,mathematical model,Surrounding rural energy structure optimization in desertification control and on basis of model of low carbon community development frontier research,common key technology research and development and application demonstration and industrialization promotion from whole chain design,integration,deployment module propulsion system research,focus on rural energy consumption structure and worth agriculture waste(straw and livestock and poultry dung)energy quantity,Revealing the optimization mechanism of rural energy structure,put forward the low-carbon community development model and technology,and carry out demonstration verification and promotion,to provide scientific and technological reference for national rocky desertification control and low-carbon community development.(1)The author elucidates that karst rocky desertification rural areas are faced with such problems as unreasonable energy consumption structure,serious energy poverty and difficult universal energy service.Biomass energy(fuelwood)and coal are the main fuels.There are significant differences in energy consumption patterns among different grades of rocky desertification zones:latent and mild rocky desertification zones form the mode of cooking,heating and drying corn mainly with coal,and the mode of producing energy mainly with fuel wood(cooking pig food).The average household energy consumption is 5646kgce,of which coal is 3772kgce and fuel wood is 1381kgce.In medium-intensity rocky desertification areas,a cooking energy mode and a heating mode with firewood as the main source of energy and electricity as the supplementary source are formed.The average household energy consumption is3593kgce,of which the firewood is 2791kgce.Non-potential rock desertification has formed a cooking energy consumption mode with fuelwood as the main source of electricity,a heating energy consumption mode with fuelwood as the main source of coal as the supplementary source,and a production energy consumption mode with coal as the main source of coal(tobacco processing)and fuelwood(cooking pig food).The average household energy consumption is 5069kgce,of which,fuelwood is3495kgce and coal is 385kgce.Breaking through the limitation of separation between energy consumption structure and ecological and environmental benefits,the original proposed equation of state quantifies the relationship between fuel wood consumption,forest ecological threshold,state value and rocky desertification grade.(2)It was revealed that there was a complex relationship between the energy conversion of agricultural waste and the grade of rock desertification,and the energy conversion of straw decreased significantly with the grade of rock desertification.The energy conversion amount of livestock manure per household increased obviously with the increase of rocky desertification level.The relation between the total amount of agricultural waste and the grade of rocky desertification is weak.There is a complex relationship between the amount of energy available from agricultural waste and the grade of rock desertification.The amount of energy available from straw gradually decreases with the increase of the grade of rock desertification.That is,mid-intensity rocky desertification(81.07 kgce)in plateau canyon is less than potential-mild rocky desertification(777.74 kgce)in plateau mountain valley is less than no-potential-potential rocky desertification(1332.91 kgce)in mountain valley.The energy availability of livestock manure increased with the increase of rocky desertification grade,and the no-potential rocky desertification region(1028.86kgce)in mountain valley was less than the potential slight rocky desertification region(1535.7kgce)in plateau valley was less than the medium-intensity rocky desertification region(2103.29kgce)in plateau valley.There was no obvious relationship between the total amount of agricultural waste and the grade of rocky desertification(2300?2400kgce).(3)Mechanism of relief,material replacement,public opinion and competition is put forward,and the optimization strategy is put forward from the perspective of multiple subjects.Relief mechanism:The central government promotes the overall optimization of energy structure through legislative guarantee,major strategic planning and renewable energy industrialization policy,while local governments promote implementation of energy projects through local laws,regulations and policies.In physical replacement mechanism,farmers exchange straw and livestock and poultry excrement for energy enterprises'energy final products.Public opinion mechanism,give play to role of public opinion in acquaintance society of rural communities,and form a low-cost and efficient decision-making mechanism with multi-subject participation.In terms of competition mechanism,low-middle income farmers have no obvious influence on the selection of fuelwood but the internal difference is large;middle income farmers have obvious influence on the selection of fuelwood but the internal difference is significant;middle and high income farmers have obvious difference on the selection of fuelwood but the internal difference is small.Optimization mechanism research breaks through path dependence of technology research and development,and studies from the perspective of combination of micro mechanism research and macro optimization strategy.(4)The author creates potential energy-mild rocky desertification prevention and control of goods and agroforestry complex business low carbon community mode(Bijie low-carbon mode),the plateau valley-the intensity of desertification control electric heating up and the characteristics of efficient Lin Chanye scale operation low carbon community model(Zhenfeng-Guanling low-carbon mode),mountain canyon rocky desertification prevention and control of renewable energy and weighed by the world heritage tourism Low-carbon community model(Shibing low-carbon model).Based on regional economic development,industrial structure,population characteristics,and resource endowment,3 models and 8 sub-models of karst in southern China are constructed.The average annual consumption of bijie model is3000-4200kg CE,and the annual cost is about 4600 yuan.The annual consumption of guanling-zhenfeng model is 900?1300kgce and the annual cost is 1800?2900 yuan,while the annual consumption of shibing model is 2100?3200kgce and the annual cost is 1900?2400 yuan.Based on previous studies,a mathematical model is proposed to monetize the environmental benefits,which indicates that the optimized energy structure can promote the development of low-carbon communities. |
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