| Electric bicycles are popular among ordinary residents because of their fast speed,low price,less energy consumption and other characterizations,thus their social occupancy is increasing year by year.Although convenient,the electric bicycles bring great chaos and insecurity to the traffic order.Therefore,research on the affecting of risk driving behavior psychology of electric bicycle riders is very important for the protection of riders' safety and the promotion of traffic harmony,and is meaningful for the promotion of the concept of "smooth,efficient,safe and green" traffic.The research,from a psychological perspective,takes electric bicycle riders as research objects,uses empirical research methods such as questionnaire survey method,to explore the causes and psychological factors behind the driving behavior of e-bike riders.The research will not only help reduce the accident rate caused by electric bicycles,but also help strengthen the traffic safety education and management of electric bicycles,and provide effective and targeted constructive suggestions for traffic education management.The research includes following tasks:?To prepare an assessment questionnaire for the risky driving of electric bicycle riders in accordance with China's national conditions;?To explore Explore the influence of electric bike rider personality and traffic safety attitude on risk driving;?To study the difference in risk perception among different types of e-bike riders.Firstly,it is necessary to prepare the questionnaire which evaluates the e-bike riders' risky driving.Based on the evaluation index of non-motor vehicle traffic safety put forward by Zhang Shui-Chao et al.(2015),the research adopts interview and questionnaire method,takes electric bicycle model and China's actual situation into consideration,and also seeks experts' advices to form the initial project.A sample of 300 e-bike riders was surveyed and a formal scale was formed.Through four times of factor analysis,the author extracted a questionnaire about six factors of traffic conflict,namely,the lack of safety awareness,cycling violations,lack of attention,poor judgment,and weak control ability.Another 250 e-bike riders were selected for formal testing of the validity of the formal scale.The result shows that the scale has good reliability and validity,and can be used to evaluate the risky driving behavior of e-bike riders.Secondly,the psychological factors affecting the risk factors of electric bicycle riders will be studied through the questionnaire method.Self-compiled e-bike riders'risky driving behavior questionnaire,the big five personality scale,the feeling-seeking index and the traffic safety attitude scale will be all combined to discuss the influence of demographic characteristics on risky driving behavior,the relationship between risky driving behavior and personality traits,the influence of traffic safety attitude on traffic accidents,and the relationship between these factors.Finally,different types of e-bike riders in their differences in risk perception will be tested through experiments.63 electric riders were invited for the test,and their differences of risk perception were tested through two experiments,one using traffic situation pictures and the other one using traffic conflict video.The tests employed e-prime programming and eye tracker to study the riders' risk perception in different road scenarios and conflict types.The results show that there is a difference in risk perception among different types of e-bike riders.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The self-designed six-factor model questionnaire about e-bike riders' risky driving behavior tendency has good content validity and structural validity,and thus can be used to evaluate the risk behavior of e-bike riders.(2)Personal background conditions of electric bike riders can affect their risky driving behavior.(3)E-bike riders' personality and traffic safety attitudes can be used to predict the risky driving behavior of electric riders.Traffic safety attitude plays a partial intermediary role between neuroticism and risky driving behavior,and it also plays a complete intermediary role between extroversion,pleasantness,liability and risky driving behavior.(4)Different types of riders have different judgments on traffic situations with different degrees of danger.Safety-orientied electric bicycle riders are better in risk perception than risky riders,in other words,there is a negative correlation between risk perception and risky driving behavior.(5)Different types of riders have different perception of danger under different road scenario conditions and conflicts.Female riders have got higher accuracy in their judgement of and reaction to traffic conflicts than male riders,but they also need more response time than male riders.Based on the above results,the study suggests:it is important to strengthen e-bike riders' safety education;there is a necessity of personality assessment and counseling;it is necessary to enhance safety education propaganda through various channels,and the last but not the least,strengthen risk perception training of e-bike riders. |
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