Research On The Influence Mechanism And Evaluation Of The Built Environment Characteristics On The Design Of Metro Station Transfer Space

The design and construction of the built environment in metro stations have irreversible properties.The underground transfer space of metro station is a type of architectural space.Whether the collection of underground building space can better serve and meet the transfer needs of passengers,no matter in the design stage of the metro construction life cycle or in the management stage of station operation,it has always been the focus of the academic community and the public.In recent years,with the rapid increase of metro network mileage and the number of metro stations,high-density metro commuter volume has been exploded in the city,which poses a higher challenge to the space design and use efficiency of metro transfer stations.Due to the rationality of the design form of underground transfer space in metro stations and its impact on transfer are mostly qualitative evaluations,and the physical environment of underground transfer space on passengers’transfer experience and influence is often overlooked.There is a lack of quantitative research methods and evaluation standards on the impact mechanism and comprehensive effect of built environment on the design of underground transfer space in metro stations.In response to the above problems,this thesis takes the underground transfer space as the research object.By extracting the morphological and physical characteristics of the built environment in the metro station,the two types of quantitative evaluation indicators are analyzed from the three aspects of space use efficiency,space feature recognition,and space physical environment.A quantitative evaluation study was carried out on the rationality of transfer space design in subway stations.The main research work and conclusions are as follows:（1）The influencing factors of transfer in metro station are classified from three aspects:transfer facilities,environmental quality and space design.By using the methods of field investigation,expert interview and questionnaire survey,this paper deeply analyzes the problems existing in the transfer design of metro station,as well as the feeling and attention of passengers to the influencing factors in the transfer process.The survey results show that,unlike experts and designers,most passengers have continued attention to transfer space design and environmental comfort.（2）The spatial syntax calculation variables（spatial cognitive degree correlation coefficient P,visual clustering coefficient VCC）are used to analyze the convex spatial intelligibility and visual occlusion of the platform.The space use efficiency of the transfer streamline in the transfer hall is analyzed and evaluated by the method of₍(9(9(9(9(9（9）.The study found that when the metro station adopts a separate transfer hall space design form,the side platform and the transfer hall are buried at the same depth and are seamlessly connected horizontally,the use of the underground transfer space is more efficient.（3）The deep convolution neural network（CNN）based on computer vision was applied to classify and identify the transfer space of the metro transfer stations with the annual average daily transfer volume of top 7 in Beijing.Through the accuracy rate（ACC）and loss value（loss）of the transfer space classification and recognition experiment,the recognition and prediction of different types of platforms are verified,and the difference of feature recognition of different transfer space combinations was analyzed.The experimental results show that the results of the batch prediction of the platform type of the metro transfer station using the residual network（RESNET）model are consistent with the scene information label of the real image,which fully proves that the CNN model selected is more successful in extracting the platform space features of the metro transfer station.At the same time,it also reflects that the platform space design style of Beijing metro transfer station is generally simple and bright,with uniform formal features and easy to identify.（4）The relative thermal index（RWI）calculation model is used to describe the thermal comfort of passengers during the transfer process in metro stations.Based on the statistical analysis of the thermal comfort of passengers affected by different seasons and different transfer space designs（station buried depth,platform type,etc.）,an on-site monitoring experiment of the metabolic rate of the subjects under the transfer state was carried out.The difference in physical perception of the subjects affected by the physical environment characteristics of the transfer space at different metro stations was measured,and it was verified that the human body’s perception of the changes in the transfer space environment objectively exists.（5）In order to explore the fault tolerance of metro station underground transfer space composition,the reliability,availability and testability of the transfer space composition system were used as the evaluation criteria,the transfer space design evaluation index system based on the characteristics of underground built environment is constructed from five aspects:space occlusion degree,space understanding degree,space direction selection freedom degree,space perception degree and space recognition degree.The extension evaluation model based on matter-element analysis theory is used to comprehensively evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of metro station transfer space design under the influence of built environment characteristics.The evaluation results of the model are consistent with the actual investigation.The constructed evaluation system can scientifically make a more accurate evaluation and judgment on the design of underground transfer space in metro stations,and can provide a basic reference for the optimization of metro station transfer space design and the management of station transfer efficiency.93 figures,33 tables,163 references.