Scenic Features And Environment Space Of Taoist Temples Of Mount Hua Scenic Spot

Mount Hua is the Western Sacred Mountain of Chinese Five Sacred Mountains.It is one of the first batch of national scenic Spot in China,and it is also a nature reserve with local characteristics.Its landscape system is an organic integration of natural landscape and human landscape,which highlights the Taoist philosophy of "harmony between man and nature".Due to many problems in the process of protection,management and development after the founding of the people's Republic of China,the authenticity and integrity of its landscape and religious culture have been damaged.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the ideological origin,development context,spatial positioning and natural and cultural landscape characteristics of Mount Hua Scenic features for protecting the cultural heritage of Mount Hua landscape,inheriting the theories and methods of Chinese Taoist scenic features,and integrating and optimizing China's natural reserve system.In accordance with the logic of "cause-effect" relationship,this paper makes a comprehensive and in-depth study of Mount Hua from the perspective of natural environment,Taoism,religious Neo Confucianism and humanities,through the three dimensions of time,space and culture."Cause" is to analyze the natural basis and human factors of the formation of the whole scenic system from the macro level.This paper focuses on the objective reasons why Mount Hua has become a unique scenic spot from the perspective of human factors.Starting from the development of Mount Hua Taoism and traditional geographical thought,it explores the formation basis,development evolution and sectarian characteristics of the internal driving force,and analyzes the emergence and performance of Taoist cosmology and political geography in the external driving force,as well as the spatial positioning of Mount Hua under this concept.Finally,it summarizes the internal relationship between the two human factors and the formation of Mount Hua scenic features."Effect" is the result of the analysis of the formation of Mount Hua Scenic spot under the above influence.From the macro and micro levels,it studies the landscape characteristics of Mount Hua and the most distinctive Taoist temple environment space.Firstly,on the macro landscape level,this paper systematically analyzes the spatial distribution,type characteristics,structural sequence and scenic routes of natural landscape and human landscape in scenic Spot.Secondly,in the aspect of micro palaces,the paper combs the spatial distribution changes of Mount Hua temple in the past dynasties,and divides them into two types according to the construction characteristics: Cave temple and Jingshi.It analyzes the site selection characteristics and shape scale of the environmental space of the Cave temple,the site selection and courtyard layout characteristics of the environmental space of Jingshi temple,and the artistic features characteristics of the architectural,courtyard landscape and guiding space.Finally,combing the current situation of Mount Hua protection and utilization and summarizing the existing problems,combined with the previous research results,the paper puts forward development suggestions for the future,so as to promote the restoration the "form" and "spirit" of Mount Hua.Through the above study,the conclusion of this paper can be summarized as follows.Firstly,the landscape features of Mount Hua Scenic Spot include four aspects,namely the cultural heritage of "respecting Taoism alone and living in seclusion",the spatial positioning of "the middle trunk and the capital city",the overall feature of "depending on the natural landscape and intersected with appropriate human landscape ",and the sequence organization of "from the secular world to the celestial by only one vertical dangerous road ";Third,the protection and utilization of Mount Hua in the future should focus on promoting the refinement and inheritance of cultural core "spirit",and strengthening the display and popular science of cultural landscape "form".The innovation points of this paper are as follows:(1)According to the "cause" and "effect",combining "two scales",through "three-dimensional degree",the paper makes a comprehensive and systematic study on the landscape characteristics of Mount Hua Scenic Spot;(2)Put forward two types of Taoist temples,namely "Cave temple" and "Jingshi temple",and study the characteristics of their environmental space respectively.