Based On The Theory Of "Dampness-heat Insidious Pathogen" To Explore The Relationship Between Helicobacter Pylori Infection And Tongue Coating Microecology

ObjectiveSummarize the academic thought of the theory of insidious pathogen in previous generations,explore the ideological connotation of the theory of insidious pathogen.To study the theoretical connotation of the dampness-heat insidious pathogen,taking Helicobacter pylori infection as an example,to explore the clinical application of the theory of dampness-heat insidious pathogen.To study the characteristics of the Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome elements and the characteristics of serum biochemical metabolites in the dampness-heat insidious pathogen.To study the correlation between tongue coating microecology and Helicobacter pylori infection.Methods1 Theoretical researchBy reading the ancient books of Chinese medicine,Combing through the academic views of pathogen academic of generations of healers,summarizing the argument of pathogen academic and summarizing the academic thought of pathogen academic.To explore the connotation and significance of pathogen academic theory.Through theoretical study and literature analysis,summarize the basic content of the academic thought of my teacher’s dampness-heat insidious pathogen.Taking Helicobacter pylori infection as an example,to discuss the etiology and pathogenesis of dampness-heat insidious pathogen from a theoretical perspective;to discuss the diagnosis and treatment of damp-heat and evil from the perspective of clinical practice.2 Experimental researchThis study is divided into two parts.The first part is the clinical study of the spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome of Helicobacter pylori infection,and the second part is the study of the tongue coating microflora of the spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome of Helicobacter pylori infection.2.1 Clinical research methodsAccording to the diagnostic criteria of diseases and syndromes,a total of 75 subjects were included,including 35 cases in the test group(Helicobacter pylori infection chronic gastritis spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome,TG)and 40 cases in the control group(non-Helicobacter pylori infection chronic gastritis spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome,CG).Collected clinical data of subjects,including general patient information,TCM syndrome element scales,main TCM syndrome element score scales,and spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome tongue diagnosis information scales.Recorded the subject’s blood biochemical test results;Tested the levels of motilin,gastrin,serotonin,substance P,epidermal growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor in the subjects’ serum samples.Used SPSS 26.0 software to calculate the data analysis.2.2 Research methods of tongue coating microbialAccording to the diagnostic criteria,a total of 38 subjects were included.According to different research purposes,this study adopted two different grouping methods.According to whether the subjects are infected with Helicobacter pylori: Divided into Helicobacter pylori infection group(GR)and non-Helicobacter pylori infection group(FGR).The subjects were divided into groups according to whether they were infected with Helicobacter pylori and TCM syndromes: Helicobacter pylori infection spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome group(SPWSR);Helicobacter pylori infection spleen and stomach weakness syndrome group(SPWXR);Non-Helicobacter pylori infection spleen and stomach Damp-heat syndrome group(FPWSR);Non-Helicobacter pylori infection spleen and stomach weakness syndrome group(FPWXR).16S r DNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to test,combined with bioinformatics analysis methods,the tongue coating samples OTU clustering and species annotations are first analyzed,and then the species Alpha diversity analysis,Bete diversity analysis,and diversity analysis of the tongue coating flora at different taxonomic levels are analyzed.According to different grouping schemes,analyze the influence of Helicobacter pylori infection on the composition of the tongue coating microbial flora,analyzed the similarities and differences between the tongue coating microbial colonies between different TCM syndrome types,and finally conducted a functional prediction analysis on the tongue coating samples.Results1.Theoretical research resultsFebrile diseases originated from insidious pathogen theory."Fu Han Hua Wen" theory is the earliest etiology theory of Febrile Diseases.Insidious pathogen’s "Insidious pathogen and New Feeling" theory promotes the development of Febrile Diseases,enriched the theory of Febrile Disease.The formation and development of insidious pathogen doctrine has gone through many stages,and it was gradually formed under the unremitting efforts of many physicians in the past dynasties.There are also many controversies in insidious pathogen theory,such as the dispute over the cause of insidious pathogen,the dispute between insidious pathogen and Xingan,and the dispute about the position of insidious pathogen.These different views have promoted the development and maturity of insidious pathogen theory.dampness-heat insidious pathogen has latent characteristics,and it will be emitted from time to time after feeling the evil.The pathogenic characteristics of dampness-heat insidious pathogen are insidious onset,longer course,lingering disease,and recurrent attacks.Helicobacter pylori infection has the characteristics of invisibility,terminology,heat depression,damp resistance,gas consumption,yin injury,stasis,poisoning,repetition,and lingering characteristics.Helicobacter pylori can be considered as a kind of dampness-heat insidious pathogen.It can be treated by strengthening the body and sending the evil.2.Clinical research results2.1 Research results of TCM syndrome elements:The clinical features of TCM symptoms of spleen and stomach dampness-heat syndrome center on the spleen and stomach in the middle Jiao.The disease syndrome can involve the internal organs and the four limbs and nine orifices,and contradictory symptoms may appear.The symptom distribution of spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome caused by dampness-heat insidious pathogen and non-dampness-heat insidious pathogen are consistent with common symptoms,but the symptoms are milder."Halitosis" is a more specific symptom of Helicobacter pylori infection with spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome.Tongue coating is an important reference standard for the diagnosis of spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome.The color of the tongue coating of the spleen-stomach damp-heat syndrome test is light yellow or dark yellow,with less burnt yellow;the spleen stomach damp-heat syndrome subject’s coating is greasy,thick,or two The same applies;Compared with non-Helicobacter pylori infection,Helicobacter pylori infection has more thick fur in the spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome.2.2 Results of blood biochemical researchThe blood biochemical test indexes of the two groups of spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome subjects were different.The contents of AST,ALT,TBIL,DBIL,IBIL and HCY in the test group were higher than those in the control group,while the test group CHOL,TG,LDL-C,APO-B,The serum levels of LP(a),UA and GLU were lower than those of the control group,and the results were statistically different(P<0.05),and some of the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).2.3 Research results of serum metabolitesThe serum levels of GAS,MTL,SP,EGF and EGFR in the two groups of patients with spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome were different.The serum levels of GAS,MTL,SP,EGF and EGFR in the test group were higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant.3.Research results of tongue fur microecology:3.1 Alpha diversity analysis results of the tongue coating microbial flora(1)The simpson index in the Alpha diversity index of the tongue coating flora is different between the two groups of tongue coating samples in the Helicobacter pylori infection group and the non-Helicobacter pylori infection group;the tongue coating samples are in the phylum,class,order,The main colonies at the family level are the same;there are differences between the two groups at the genus and species level.Considering the community abundance,the tongue coating samples between the two groups are the same at the phylum and class level,while the average relative abundance of the two groups of tongue coating samples is different at the order,family,genus,and species level.(2)The Alpha diversity index of the tongue coating microflora of the two groups of volunteers with Helicobacter pylori infection spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome and non-Helicobacter pylori infection spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome is the same,and the abundance and composition ratio of the dominant bacteria in the two groups of tongue coating samples are basically the same.There was a difference in the average relative abundance of tongue coating between the two groups in Fusobacterium and Fusobacteria.3.2 Beta diversity analysis results of the tongue coating microbial floraThe Beta diversity analysis of the tongue coating microbial flora showed that the tongue coating microbial colonies of the subjects with Helicobacter pylori infection and non-Helicobacter pylori infection were basically the same,and there was an evolutionary relationship between the tongue coating microbial colonies,and unweighted-unifrac distance algorithm,hierarchically clusters the samples at the OUT level,and finds that the microbial colonies of the two samples are close or far apart.The PCo A is different between SPWXR and SPWSR/FPWSR and FPWXR,The P values ??are all less than 0.05,and the difference is statistically significant.3.3 Species composition analysis and species differences analysis results between groupsThrough the analysis of species composition within the group and the comparison of species differences between groups,it is found that the relative abundance of Helicobacter pylori infection on the tongue fur microbial community is the same at the level of the kingdom,phylum,and class.The different species between Helicobacter pylori infection and non-Helicobacter pylori infection are Micrococcus and Pasteurella at the order level;Micrococcaceae and Pasteuraceae at the family level;Rosella and Haemophilus at the genus level Genus;Haemophilus parainfluenzae and Neisseria versicolor at the species level.There are differences in the colony of tongue coating between patients with Helicobacter pylori infection and non-Helicobacter pylori infection with spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome,which is mainly reflected in the increase of harmful bacteria in the tongue coating microflora of Helicobacter pylori infection with spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome.3.4 The results of the prediction and analysis of the function of the tongue coat microbial floraThe tongue coat microbial functions mainly focus on DNA transcription and translation,carbohydrate transport and metabolism,energy production and conversion,amino acid transport and metabolism,inorganic ion transport and metabolism,and participate in the production of cell membranes.The tongue coating functions related to the spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome are mainly DNA transcription and translation,carbohydrate transport and metabolism,amino acid transport and metabolism,inorganic ion transport and metabolism,and participate in the production of cell membranes.Conclusions1.Although Insidious pathogen is a pathological concept,it can be used to explain the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease.Its content is extremely rich and can be studied in depth by classification methods.2.The dampness-heat insidious pathogen have the pathological characteristics of resolving dryness and injuring the yin,collateral damage and blood stasis,and blood stasis and toxin formation.Helicobacter pylori is a kind of dampness-heat insidious pathogen,which can be used to treat Helicobacter pylori infection based on the theory of dampness-heat insidious pathogen.3.The clinical symptoms of damp-heat insidious pathogen are widely distributed,but the symptoms are milder."Halitosis" and "thick fur" are more specific clinical symptoms of Helicobacter pylori infection,which can be used to initially screen Helicobacter pylori infection.4.Helicobacter pylori infection can cause liver metabolism and synthesis dysfunction,and the effect on glucose and lipid metabolism is not as good as that of non-Helicobacter pylori infection with spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome.5.Helicobacter pylori infection will cause a decrease in the diversity of the tongue coating microbial flora,and Helicobacter pylori infection will affect the similarity of the tongue coating microorganisms and the evolutionary relationship of species;6.Helicobacter pylori infection can cause a decrease in the abundance of the tongue fur microbial community,resulting in a decrease in beneficial bacteria and an increase in harmful bacteria.