| Background:Formulaology is a discipline that studies and clarifies the theory of treatment methods and prescriptions and their application rules.Under the guidance of the framework theory,the theoretical construction of Formulaology refers to the process of constructing the theoretical system by fully combing the development context of Formulaology,sorting out the inherent laws of the theoretical development of Formulaology,and exploring the close relationship and mutual unity between the indication or syndrome of formula,the treatment methods and synergy.Discipline theory construction is an important foundation for discipline differentiation,development and maturity.At present,the knowledge system of Formulaology is based on the logic of"principle-method-recipe-medicines" and the basic principle of "managing formula with treatment method",which not only reflects the essence or characteristics of prescription,but also is the foundation of academic research of Formulaology.Discourse on prescription refers to the theoretical form of expounding the principle of prescription preparation based on the structural theory of Formulaology,according to indication or syndrome of formula,method of treatment,taste and use of medicines and their relationship.However,the style and structure of Formulaology not only show the internal logical connection of the contents of Formulaology,but also reflect the author’s cognition of Formulaology.Yifang Jijie was written by Wang Ang in the Qing Dynasty.As a monograph on Formulaology,this book has made breakthroughs in many aspects,such as layout,classification of prescriptions,selection of prescriptions,discourse on prescription,and modification of prescriptions,etc..It has its unique position in the development history of Formulaology.At present,although some achievements have been made in the research of Yifang Jijie,its research is either limited to general discussion or only focused on one point or one side.There are few special studies on theoretical framework and theoretical model of Formulaology.The academic position of Yfang Jijie in the theoretical construction and development of Formulaology remains to be evaluated.Objective:Based on the above background,on the basis of the previous work from the perspective of discipline theory construction,this topic focuses on three aspects of compiling style,classification of prescription and discourse on prescription in the book,collects and analyzes the related contents in the book,and compares them with the related contents in some important disciplines before and after discusses the writing characteristics of the book and evaluates its role in discipline theory construction.This topic is of great significance for discussing the theoretical construction and development law of Formulaology and objectively evaluating the discipline status of Yifang Jijie.Methods:1.Using the traditional literature collation method,around the above three themes.systematically collect the relevant contents in the Collection of Yifang Jijie.2.Combing the related subject contents in prescriptions before and after the publication of Yifang Jijie,comparing and analyzing the similarities and differences and internal relations between and those works,and giving a comprehensive evaluation.Results:1.Research on the compiling style of Yifang Jijie and the theoretical construction of FormulaologyThe framework of Yifang Jijie includes foreword,statement and summary of each chapter,etc..The foreword introduces Wang Ang’s understanding of the relationship between the prescriptions and indication or syndrome of formula.The statements introduce the background and purpose,the principle of selecting prescriptions,the classification of prescriptions and the reasons for their sequence of Yfang Jijie.There is an overview of each chapter,and prescriptions are listed under the overview.After the name of the prescription,the indication or syndrome of formula/prescription efficacy is usually indicated in small print,or there is a source of prescription.First,the indication or syndrome of prescription is described,and its pathogenesis and its main symptoms is noted in small print.Then the prescription composition,dosage,usage and discourse on prescription is listed.During or after those,there are summaries of discourse on prescription of previous medical writings in small print,or annotation and modification of prescriptions when necessary.The framework and arrangement format of Yfang Jijie draw lessons from the previous Fonnulaology works.such as Yifang Kao,which first introduced the indication or syndrome of formula and treatment method,and then gathered all prescriptions to do textual research of its name,composition,efficacy and discourse on prescription.However,The compiling style of"Prescription-indication or syndrome of formula-treatment method-theory" in Yifang Jijie is obviously different from the mode of managing and recording formula with diseases in many early formula works.Therefore,the compilation characteristics of Yifang Jijie can be summarized as follows:"managing formula with treatment method","taking the prescription as the key link","attaching similar prescription to main prescription","summarizing of discourse on prescription of previous medical writings".The new compiling style of Yifang Jijie reflects Wang Ang’s understanding of the theoretical system of prescription,which indicates that Formulaology as a discipline tends to mature in theory.As a result,Yifang Jijie has become an important blueprint for compiling the teaching materials of Formulaology in modern times.2.Research and academic evaluation of prescription classification in Yfang JijieThe classified ideas of "managing formula with treatment method" are mainly adopted for the similar prescriptions in Yifang Jijie.Based on the logic that the treatment method is set up according to the disease and the specific treatment method is aimed at the pathogenesis,the treatment methods proposed in Yifang Jijie are mostly based on different dimensions of syndrome and pathogenesis.First of all,according to the pathogenesis,the treatment methods are determined to classify the prescriptions,which are "supplementing formula","superficies-relieving formula","emetic formula","formula for purgation","phlegm-expelling formula","digestive formula","anti-helminthic formula","astringent formula","formula for relieving both superficial and internal disorders","harmonizing formula","carminative formula","blood-regulating formuIa";According to six climatic exopathogens,it can be divided into "formula for wind disorder","warming interior formuIa","desiccating formula","antipyretic formula","treating-dryness formula","heat-clearing formula".At the same time,considering the limitations of the above classification methods,Yifang Jijie also takes into account the treatment needs of clinical departments,dividing into "ophthalmic formula","obstetrics and gynecology formula","surgical formula",and "emergency department formula".Because of Wang Ang’s personal cognition and historical limitations,there are some doubts about the specific selection methods and categories of Yifang Jijie.However,its comprehensive classification thinking based on treatment method combined with clinical branches has strong logical rationality and clinical practicability,and has been used by mainstream Formulaology monographs or textbooks of later generations,such as Chengfang Xieyong,Chengfang Biandu,and modern textbooks of Formulaology.The "classifying formula with treatment method" in Yifang Jijie derived from the "Ten agents" by Cheng Wuji,which focuses on utility classification,and the "eight methods of treatment" in Jingyue Quanshu,but compared with "ten agents" and "eight methods of treatment",Yifang Jijie tends to "establish treatment method according to syndrome" and puts forward more precise treatment methods.It has a certain connection with the concept of"managing formula with treatment method" in Yixue Xinwu,but its "classifying formula with treatment method" is obviously earlier than that in Yixue Ximwu,and many methods including eight methods of treatment have been established in the book,especially the concrete practice of "classifying formula with treatment method" is better than Yixue Xinwu.Because the treatment method contains the mapping of indication or syndrome of formula and treatment method ideas,the method of treatment and prescription can be linked,thus realizing the internal unity of "syndrome-method-prescription-medicine" in the treatment based on syndrome differentiation.The "classifying formula with treatment method" created by Yifang Jijie has an important academic influence on the formation of the discipline framework of modern Formulaology.3.Research and academic evaluation on the characteristics of discourse on prescription of Yifang JijieYifang Jijie has fully absorbed the experience of Yifang Kao covering many aspects such as indication or syndrome of formula,method of treatment,synergy,dosage form usage,appropriate use,addition and subtraction of prescription,prescription identification,etc.,which can be described as taking both theory and application into account.The abundant and extensive materials in Yifang Jijie have provided rich literature materials for the subsequent research of formulae.Many contents in the book have been quoted by monographs of Formulaology such as Jiangxue Yuan Gufang Xuanzhu,Shanbu Mingyi Fanglun,Chengfang Qieyong,Chengfang Biandu and so on.To a certain extent,the contents of discourse on prescription in Yifang Jijie reflected the author’s understanding of prescriptions theory.On the basis of referring to the theories of Formulaology of many doctors in the past,Yifang Jijie selects or deals with them as the formal discourse on prescription.At the same time,each theory of Formulaiy is appended in small prints or with personal commentaries.Compared with the previous discourse on prescription.Yifang Jijie has concise language,especially the narration of the relationship between prescriptions and compatibility is more compact and thorough.The highlight of discourse on prescription in Yifang Jijie is to take the prescription as the key link,take indication or syndrome of formula as the starting point,and explore the principle of synergy on the basis of pathogenesis analysis.Yifang Jijie contains the analysis of the treatment method,explain efficacy according to the nature and flavour of medicine and the thinking of the combination.Yifang Jijie try applying Monarch,Minister,Assistant and Guide in prescription to understand discourse on prescription,especially based on the five elements and yin-yang,and zang-fu viscera and channel,and syndrome differentiation of weifen,qifen,yingfen and xuefen,etc..The basis of selecting the taste and flavor of medicine provided a certain train of thought for the mode of discourse on prescription under the guidance of modern theory of"managing formula with treatment method".However,it should be noted that there are still obvious deficiencies in the logical and normative unification of narration,the accurate application of the theory of the structure of Monarch,Minister,Assistant and Guide in prescription of the synergy between medicines.These shortcomings have always been the places to be perfected in modern theory of discourse on prescription.Conclusion:Yifang Jijieis a prescription work with great research value.Therefore,there are careful considerations in the content setting,arrangement and compiling style of Yifang Jijie,which reflect Wang Ang’s deep understanding of the principle of "managing formula with treatment method".Based on the idea of classification of prescriptions based on diseases and syndromes and method of treatment,Yifang Jijie breaks away from the long-held pattern of prescriptions attached to diseases and promotes the differentiation and independence of Formulaology from Traditional Chinese medicine into a discipline.The theory of prescription in the book involves the explanation of the name of prescription,the exploration of the source of prescription,the comparison of prescription and syndrome,the characteristics of synergy,and the application of prescription,etc..While inheriting the theory of formula in the past,more attention is paid to the theoretical elaboration of the theory of prescription system,which highlights the important position of discourse on prescription in the discipline theory.Discourse on prescription of Yifang Jijie widely collected various point of view,reflect the exploration of discourse on prescription based on different dimensions.The different pattern of discourse on prescription,such as in accordance with the indication or syndrome of formula-establishing method of treatment-discussing the medicine.reflects the inner link the theory of indication or syndrome of formula-treatment method-prescription-medicine,which has laid a certain foundation for the formation of the later model of discourse on prescription.The compiling style of "classifying formula with treatment method" and"classifying syndrome with prescriptions" and the thought of "treatment method based on syndrome" and "discussing medicines according to treatment method" in Yifang Jijie are the signs of the gradual maturity of the theoretical construction of Formulaology,and also provide a blueprint for the compilation of modern textbooks of Formulaology.From the point of view of discipline core theory,this paper discusses the relevant contents and characteristics of Yifang Jijie,and evaluates its position in discipline theory construction by comparing the relevant contents in the discipline works before and after it.This paper is of great academic significance for clarifying the development line of the theory of formulae,deeply understanding the subject connotation of formulaology and perfecting the construction of the theoretical system of Formulaology. |
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