A Study On Managing Yunnan By Chen Yuying

Some serious historical events such as Magary Affairand Sino-French War happened when Cen Yuyingheaded the administration for nearly 30 years in modern southwest China,which have a far-reaching influence on Yunnanand even China's modern history.The research on his achievements will help us to understand the development and change of modern southwest China.Due to being affected by some views,however,the academia on the discussion of this period of history is not thorough,which results in some weaknesses in this field.This dissertation adopts the new evaluation criteria,whether is conducive to the progress of the nation or not,to deeply explore this period of history by innovating theory,improving paradigm and expanding field.In the process of Xian Tong Jun Xing(????),the ruling order of the Qing Government in Yunnan was destroyed because of the people's struggle against Qing Dynasty,the escape of the ministers in charge,the disputes among the local armed forces and the brutality of the local troops.CenYuying alone strived to manage to unify the political situation in Yunnan,restored regional security,rebuilt the ruling order,and established his political status commanding southwest of China.It is one of his great achievements for him to promote the local culture and education career.He motivated scholars by restoring school,enlisting talents through the old civil service examination system and increasing the numbers of passing the provincial civil service examination.He repaired the cultural facilities destroyed in the war,such as Confucian temples,colleges,ancestral temples,temples,memorial archways,etc.He tried to unite people and erect the local spirit through a series of measures.Cen Yuying reported to the Qing Dynasty to reduce and exempt the farm and salt taxes in order to recover and develope the people's livelihood in Yunnan,which to some extent recovered the economy after the war in Yunnan.In the process of restoring copper mining in Yunnan,he insisted on making a price in company with market quotations.He insisted reform Fu MA(??)maladministration to relieve the burden of peole.These measures had profound influence on the economic recovery and the development of production of Yunnan.In the latter half of the 19th century,the western powers started the colonization again within the scope of the world,including British and French colonialists positively expanding their power in South Asia and Southeast Asia.Cenyuying led local military and civilian and comforted the chieftains to safeguard the frontier."The Case of Ma Jiali"led to the interruption of his management in Yunnan.After he wielded power in Yunnan and Guizhouagain,CenYuying took special measures to procect the local public revolting foreign missionaries while dealing with "the Case of Langqiong".In resolving the contradictions among Nalouchieftains in Yinan,Cen Yuying set up four Tushe to effectively resolve contradictions among people and restore the local production and living order.Due to the proper disposition of Yunnan local government on frontier and minorities issues,Yunnan local people spontaneously united to prevent the further invasion of the French invaders during Sino-French War,even managed to recover the lost territories in the delimitation of the Qing Government by armed struggle.After the crisis being deepened in the southwest frontier,Cen Yuying led the army into Vietnam to fight French.The fighting capacity of Dian Army was greatly promoted by updating weaponries,using new strategies and tactics,and application of telegram,meanwhile,a number of officers and soldiers represented by Ding Huai made great progress.During the wars,Dian Army initially completed the change of modernization.During this period,CenYuying opened up the modernization course of Yunnan local society by setting up modern industry and commerce in Yunnan and erecting telegraph wires.After the Sino-French War,Britain started the third British-Burma War.Along with the fall of Vietnam and Burma,Yunnan became the beachhead position of western powers entering Chinese inland.In order to cope with the potential crisis,Cen Yuying settled the boundary,set up boundary tablets and accredited forces in the frontier.In the process of surveying the boundary between Yunnan and Vietnam,Cen Yuyingcollected information materials along the border beforehand to win the initiative in the negotiations,and forced French to request to settle the boundary according to the figure.CenYuying enhanced the control on the border of south of Yunnan by setting up Linankaiguan Dao(?????).He set up Zhenbian Zhili Ting(?????)in the region of Luoheishan to emphasize the existence of Chinese military and political force,which destroyed the British colonists conspiracy of attempting to encroach and made great influence on the latter demarcation on the south line of Yunnan-Vietnam boundary.The operation of Cen Yuying in Yunnan in the late Qing Dynasty made a great contribution to the Construction and consolidation of the southwest frontier.