Research About Frontier Market In Song Dynasty

Due to the complementarity between nomadic economy and settled agriculture,settled farming areas where dominated by Han nationality started trade with other ethnic areas engaged in different modes of early history ofChina.The song dynasty coexisted with several national governments and formed a frontier market with a large trading scale.To be specific,in the north,frontier markets,mainly in the form of discussion farms,were set up between the Song Dynasty and the Liao,Jin,Mongolia and the Western Xia,to trade horses,animal products,tea,daily necessities,Iuxuries and other goods.In the south,Song Dynasty also established the frontier market with the Dali state,the Ziqi state,the Luodianguo state,the Jiaozhi state,carried out a variety of commodity trade mainly in horses.In addition to these official transactions,there is also a large number of smuggling trade in various areas,which is proof that regional economic and cultural exchanges still need a larger market.The frontier market had many positive effects.First,driven by the frontier market,the government of the Song dynasty and the ethnic regime not only gained more fiscal revenue,but also promoted the rapid development of animal husbandry,agriculture,commerce and tertiary industry in the northern region,and stimulated the agriculture and animal husbandry in the southern region.Secondly,the frontier market has important social significance,which promotes the change of road trafflc and social structure in frontier areas.Finally,the frontier market also has important cultural significance,so that a variety of cultures continue to merge.The frontier market in the song dynasty had very distinct characteristics.First,it was unstable,which was reflected in the uncertainty of the opening and closing of the market,the restrictions on trading places,the overly strict management system and the excessive restrictions on trading items.Secondly,there was a close relationship between the land market and the sea market.Song made a large amount of transit trade and obtained huge profits.Song controlled most of the commodity production and occupied the high-end industry.Song's currency was also the hard currency of the whole market.Some of these characteristics have limited the scale and development of trade in frontier markets,which is not conducive to the development and progress of more regions,making all regions call for unified economic zone.Some have fuelled the nationalist regime's ambitions to control China's big markets,and unification by force has realistic appeal.Due to the high level of economic development of song dynasty,it was doonled that it could not take the initiative to integrate other areas at a lower level of development.Therefore,the historical Inission of building a country with different economic zones can only be undertaken by the nomadic regime in the north.Due to the development of frontier market,the nomad regime,s econolnic strength,in addition to its military strength,is also growing,which enables it to unify the northern and southern economic zones.After inheriting the legacy of Liao and Jin,Mongolia started a protracted war and successfully established Yuan,which integrated the north and the south of China.After that,the Yuan government not only adopted a series of policies to develop commercial trade and protect merchants,but also took the form of national commercialism to directly obtain commercial interests.The south is due to the development of the frontier market,their resources has become more and more important meaning for the central governent,the central government began gradually depth of infiltration and the development history of the southwest,road,commercial developments especially in the southwest of the monetary systems,this area was gradually integrated into the big economic zone,with the completion of the gai-tu-gui-liu policy,southwest region become an integral part of China.